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CHRISTIAN LOSING HIS LOAD AT THE CROSS. 



THE 



pilgrim'* Tfixn$Ttn: 



FOR THE YOUNG: 



WITH 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 






C |j 



This book will make a traveller of thee, 
If by its counsel thou wilt ruled be ; 
It will direct thee to the Holy Land, 
If thou wilt its directions understand. 

Bunyan. 



PHILADELPHIA : 

LINDSAY AND BLAKISTON. 

1850. 









Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1850, by 

LINDSAY & BLAKISTON, 

in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States 
for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. 



STEREOTYPED BY J. FAGAN. 
PRINTED BY C. SHERMAN. 



LIST 

OF 

<£mh*lli*jnimit0. 



>^i 



hristian losing his Load at the Cross. . .Frontispiece." 
"Help" taking Christian out op the slough. Page 15 

Wicket Gate 22 

Evangelist. giving the Roll 28 

Christian passing through the Valley 45 

Escape from the Doubting Castle 74 

The Shepherd's Perspective Glass 79 

Christian passing through the Waters 88 

(iii) 



(Cnttbttb 



PART I. 

Introduction Page 7 

The Beginning 13 

The Gate.— The Interpreter 22 

The Release.— The Hill Difficulty 27 

The House Beautiful 34 

Apollyon and the Valley of the Shadow 41 

The Pilgrimage of Faithful 51 

Doubting Castle 63 

The Delectable Mountains 75 

The Flatterer 81 

The Passage through the Waters 86 

(v) 



VI CONTENTS. 

PART II. 

Introduction to Second Part 93 

The Setting forth of Christiana 95 

The Pilgrims at the Gate 99 

The Significant Rivers 102 

Giant Grim and the Lions 109 

The Sojourn at the Beautiful House 114 

Christiana in the Valley of the Shadow • . 119 

Old Honesty 124 

The House of Gaius 128 

Christiana at Vanity Fair 136 

The Sacking of Doubting Castle 141 

The Delectable Mountains 145 

The Enchanted Ground 150 

The Happy End 154 



THE 



PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 



INTRODUCTION. 

Almost two hundred years ago, there lived 
in England a godly and pious man, whose 
name was John Bunyan. Now John was not 
always godly and pious, but he tells us him- 
self, that when young, he was very wicked. 

Our little readers will learn by and by, when 
they come to study history, how a great num- 
ber of the English people rose, and overcame 
the rest, and condemned their king to death, 
and caused his head to be cut off by the 
executioner. The party that did this was 

(7) 



8 INTRODUCTION. 

called Republican. In our country we do not 
hold such ideas of republican conduct as this 
— but as we have said, these things happened 
a great many years ago. The General of the 
Republican army was named Oliver Cromwell. 
He was a very able soldier and statesman, and 
was made at last a king in every thing but the 
name, in place of the unfortunate King Charles 
I., who had been put to death. But when Oliver 
Cromwell died, his son Richard was not able 
to fill the place of his father, and the people 
rejected him, and called Charles II. the son of 
the king, to reign in his stead. All things 
were placed on the old footing, as they stood 
before King Charles I. was dethroned and be- 
headed. 

Certainly much wrong and bloodshed was 
done by both parties ; for when war rages 
among brothers of one nation, it is a great 
deal more cruel than when two nations are 
engaged against each other. Both sides in this 
war were hard and tyrannical. And what made 



INTRODUCTION. \) 

the matter worse, was that the name and cause 
of religion, were drawn into this quarrel. 
When the republicans were in power, their 
soldiers defaced and injured the churches of 
the established religion, as the Church of Eng- 
land is called ; and put the ministers of this 
church under unpleasant, and unjust restric- 
tions. When the king was placed on his 
father's throne, the government considered all 
who were not worshippers in the established 
church, to be opposed to the reign of Charles 
II. ; and very severe laws were put in force 
against them. The fear was that they would 
overthrow the government again, or oppose it. 
And these things show us how much better it 
is, to let the worship of God be left to every 
man's conscience, and not to have any partic- 
ular church defended by the government, or 
any particular form of Christian worship fa- 
voured by the laws. 

John Bunyan was a soldier in Cromwell's 
army. When the kingdom was restored, he 



10 INTRODUCTION. 

had become a preacher. Some of his enemies 
complained against him, and he was sent to 
jail. He thought it very hard that the laws 
which had been made to prevent people from 
doing evil, should press upon him who only 
sought to do good. And so did the magistrates 
think too ; but as he had broken the law, there 
was no help for it, unless he would agree to 
conduct his preaching in such a way, that the 
law could not take hold of him. This he 
might have done, but his views of duty would 
not permit him. 

We may be heartily glad, that we live in a 
land where such things cannot be. And we 
may be glad for John Bunyan, too, that he 
had a very kind man for a jailer. The place 
where he was imprisoned, was Bedford, about 
fifty miles from London in England, and while 
he was a prisoner he once took a run to Lon- 
don, to see his friends. The jailer was very 
much blamed for this; and Bunyan was re- 
quired to be kept closer. He had charge of a 



INTRODUCTION. 11 

Baptist church as pastor while he was in jail, 
and used much of the time regularly to attend 
the meetings. The jailer would sometimes go 
away, and leave John Bunyan to attend to the 
duties of the prison. His term of imprison- 
ment lasted twelve years, and after he was 
released he lived sixteen. He died in 1688, 
aged 60, and was buried in London. 

John Bunyan, though a very pious and good 
man, was not a learned one ; for he was by 
trade a tinker, and had no opportunity to learn 
much more than to read, in his youth, and 
when a boy he was wild and wicked. But he 
made very good use afterward of what he 
knew ; and very diligently studied his Bible 
and other good books. He was also what is 
called a genius, which means that he had great 
natural talent. He wrote many works, and 
one of his books, called the Pilgrim's Progress, 
has been read and admired by more people 
than any other book except the Bible. Learned 
and unlearned men have read it again and 



12 INTRODUCTION". 

again, and it has been translated into all mod- 
ern languages. It was written in Bedford jail ; 
and probably, if Bunyan had never been sent 
to that jail, he would not have written this 
book, and we might never have heard there 
was such a man. The book has done a great 
deal of good in the world, and will do much 
more. It is thus that Providence often turns to 
advantage what seems at first to be our worst 
misfortune. So much for John Bunyan ; and 
now we will try to give some idea of what is in 
the Pilgrim's Progress. 



THE BEGINNING. 



As I walked through the wilderness of the 
world, I came to a place where was a den, and 
laid me down in that place to sleep, and as I 
slept, I dreamed a dream. 

I dreamed that I saw a man clothed in rags, 
with a burden on his back, and a book in his 
hand ; and as he read the book he cried, " What 
shall I do?" The burden on his back was 
made up of his sins, and the book was the 
Bible, which told him of his wickedness, and 
he cried out to know how he should get rid of 
his woful load. I saw in my dream that he 
went home and told his wife, that the city 
they lived in must be destroyed, and that he 
and she, and all their little ones too, would 
perish, unless they could find a way of escape. 

(13) 



14 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 

And I understood that the city in the dream 
represents this world, and that the man's name 
was Christian. 

But Christian's wife would not hearken, and 
his friends only laughed at him. And while 
he was in terror, a man named Evangelist 
came to him, and gave him a roll of parchment, 
on which was written, "Fly from the wrath 
to come ! " And Evangelist directed Christian 
to the straight gate, which opens into the nar- 
row way which leadeth to eternal life. Chris- 
tian made all haste to run for this gate. His 
wife and his neighbours strove to hinder him ; 
and two, named Obstinate and Pliable, would 
have brought him back by force. But Chris- 
tian was resolute ; and Obstinate, out of all pa- 
tience with him turned, back. Pliable under- 
took to accompany him, and they travelled 
together, talking of the heavenly country, 
until both, being heedless of their steps, fell 
into a bog, which is called the Slough of De- 
spond. This Slough represents the danger of 




HELP " TAKING CHRISTIAN OUT OF THE SLOUGH. 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 15 

those who fall by pride or vain confidence, 
and are discouraged. Christian happily work- 
ed through, though sadly mired ; but Pliable 
easily turned, got out the wrong way, and 
ran back to the City of Destruction, where 
even his old friends in wickedness laughed 
at him for being so easily frightened. 

While Christian was struggling to get out 
of the mire, there came to him a man named 
Help, who inquired into his difficulties, lifted 
him out, and gave him goodly counsel. So 
Christian was put in the way again, and 
might, had he been wise, have kept there. 
But being a young traveller, he was turned 
aside by one Worldly Wiseman, who promised 
him that he should be saved by his own 
righteousness, instead of by taking the road 
which Evangelist taught. 

This Mr. Worldly Wiseman dwelt in the 
town of Carnal Policy — a place not far from 
that from which Christian had set out on his 
journey. He knew something of Christian 



16 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 

too, for his setting forth from the City of 
Destruction was much talked about. So at 
once he offered Christian advice; and the 
first thing he told him was, that he must 
get rid of the burden on his back. This 
Christian told him was the very thing he 
was anxious to do. It was for that purpose 
he was travelling in the road where Wiseman 
met him. This new friend at once declared 
that Evangelist was not a good adviser, and 
that he had directed Christian into the very 
worst road he could follow. He told the 
poor pilgrim that if he went on in that path, 
he would meet wearisomeness, painfulness, 
hunger, perils, nakedness, swords, lions, dra- 
gons, and in a word, death. These terrible 
things very much alarmed Christian, but still 
he declared that if he were once rid of 
his burden, he would not care what he met 
in the way. 

Then Worldly Wiseman began to tell Chris- 
tian his way to get rid of the burden, pro- 






THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 17 

niising that, instead of the dangers he would 
meet in the strait and narrow way, he should 
find safety, friendship, and content. "Now," 
said Worldly Wiseman, "in yonder village, 
which is called Morality, there dwells a gentle- 
man, whose name is Legality." This gentle- 
man, he said, had very great skill in relieving 
people of such burdens as Christian carried. 
"His house," said Worldly Wiseman, "is not 
quite a mile from this place ; and if he 
should not be at home himself, a pretty 
young man his son, whose name is Civility, 
can relieve you of your burden as well as 
the old gentleman himself. And Worldly 
Wiseman promised Christian, that beside being 
relieved of his burden, he should find houses 
ready to rent, and provisions cheap and good 
in the village of Morality, and live there in 
good credit and fashion. 

Now Christian hearing so many fair reasons 
for turning aside, was tempted to ask the way 
to Legality's house. And when Worldly Wise- 
2 



18 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 

man had directed him, Christian turned out 
of his way, as we have said, to go to this 
village of Morality. But when he had reach- 
ed the hill, it seemed so high, and that side 
of it which was next the road, did hang so 
much over, that Christian was afraid to ven- 
ture further, lest the hill should fall on his 
head. He stood still, and knew not what 
he should do. And his burden was a great 
deal heavier than when he was walking along 
the strait path. And such flashes of fire 
came out of the hill, that Christian began to 
fear he should be burnt. And I understood 
in my dream that this hill was Mount Sinai, 
and that Worldly Wiseman had moved Chris- 
tian by the pride of his heart to think that 
he could demand his relief, instead of accept- 
ing it as an act of pardoning mercy. 

Christian was indeed in a woful case, and 
could only stand and quake for fear. He was 
heartily sorry that he had taken Worldly 
Wiseman's advice, and disregarded good and 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 19 

safe counsel. He saw Evangelist coming to- 
ward him again, and blushed for shame. Evan- 
gelist came to him with a severe and dreadful 
countenance, and asked him how he came 
there, so quickly turned out of the way. 
Christian related what had taken place be- 
tween him and Worldly Wiseman. And when 
Evangelist had heard, he told Christian of 
his danger : That he was a man running into 
misery, because he had turned from the way 
of peace. And Christian cried out, "Wo is 
me, for I am undone ! " But Evangelist com- 
forted him w r ith the hope of forgiveness, and 
went on to tell him the bad character of his 
adviser. " Mr. Worldly Wiseman," said Evan- 
gelist, a is an alien, and Mr. Legality is a 
cheat, and for his son Civility, notwithstanding 
his simpering looks, he is but a hypocrite, 
and cannot help thee." After this, Evangelist 
called aloud to the heavens for the truth of 
what he had said; and there came words 
and fire out of the mountain over Christian's 



20 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 

head, which made the hair of his flesh stand 
up. The words were: "As many as are 
of the works of the law are under the curse : 
for it is written, Cursed is every one that 
continueth not in all things which are written 
in the book of the law, to do them." 

Now Christian was fearfully alarmed — and 
looked for nothing but death. He began to 
cry out, and lamentably bewail the day that 
he hearkened to Worldly Wiseman — but un- 
willing to give up all hope, again addressed 
himself to Evangelist : " Is there any hope ? 
May I now go back, and go up to the Wicket 
Gate ? Shall I not be abandoned for this, and 
sent back from thence ashamed ? I am sorry 
that I have hearkened to this man's counsel : 
But may my sin be forgiven?" Then Evan- 
gelist said, " Thy sin is very great, for by it 
thou hast committed two evils : Thou hast 
forsaken the way that is good, to tread in 
forbidden paths ; yet will the Man at the Gate 
receive thee, for he has good will for men ; 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 21 

only take heed that thou turn not aside again, 
lest thou perish from the way when his wrath 
is kindled but a little." Then did Christian 
address himself to go back ; and Evangelist 
after he had kissed him, gave him one smile, 
and bade him God speed. 



THE GATE. — THE INTERPRETER, 



So Christian went on with all haste, neither 
spake he to any man on the way, nor would 
he answer those who spake, for fear of new 
mishaps ; for he felt that he was on forbidden 
ground, and he would, by no means, think 
himself safe, until he was back where Worldly 
Wiseman had met him. He reached, at length, 
the gate, and over it found written : " Knock, 
and it shall be opened unto you." He knocked 
therefore until, at length, there came a grave 
person, named Good Will, to the gate, and 
asked " Who was there ? and whence he came ? 
and what he would have?" And Christian 
answered : " Here is a poor burthened sinner ; 
I come from the City of Destruction, but am 
going to Mount Zion, that I may be delivered 

(22) 







WICKET GATE. 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 23 

from the wrath to come ; I would therefore, 
Sir, since I am informed that by this gate is 
the way thither, know if you are willing to 
let me in." 

The other gladly admitted him, and kindly 
questioned him of his past adventures, and 
rejoiced with him on his escapes. He pointed 
out the straight and narrow way, and told 
Christian he must go in it. It was built up 
by Patriarchs, Prophets, Christ and his Apos- 
tles. It has no turnings nor windings, though 
many false roads crooked and wide set off 
from it ; and against these Christian was 
warned. And I saw in my dream that Chris- 
tian wished Good Will to release him of the 
burden that was still upon his back ; but Good 
Will bade him carry it until he should reach 
the place of deliverance, and there it would 
fall off of itself. 

So Christian toiled on, and came presently 
to the house of The Interpreter — for there 
Good Will told him to apply. And when he 



24 the pilgrim's progress. 

was questioned here, as to who he was, he 
answered as before, and added that he was 
directed to call there and be shown excellent 
things. Accordingly Interpreter welcomed 
him in, and showed him many wonderful and 
instructive things and pictures. And I saw 
in my dream that Interpreter took Christian 
by the hand, and led him into a little room, 
where sat two children, each one in his chair. 
The name of the eldest was Passion, and the 
name of the other Patience. Passion seemed 
to be much discontented, but Patience was 
very quiet. Then Christian asked, " What 
is the reason of the discontent of Passion ?" 
The Interpreter answered : " The Governor 
of them would have him stay for his best 
things till the beginning of next year, but he 
will have all now ; but Patience is willing to 
wait. 

Then I saw in my dream that one came to 
Passion, and brought him a bag of treasure, 
and poured it out at his feet. Passion gathered 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 25 

it up, and rejoiced therein, and laughed Pa- 
tience to scorn ; but awhile I beheld Passion 
had lavished his treasure all away, and had 
nothing left him but rags. And Interpreter 
explained to Christian that Passion stood for 
the man of this world, and Patience for the 
man of that which is to come. Passion will 
have all now, that is to say in this world. 
The glory of the next world will never wear 
out, while the treasures of this are suddenly 
gone : and Patience will have the glory of his 
wisdom, when Passion shall find his only rags. 
Many other wonderful sights did Interpreter 
show Christian, and among them a man in an 
iron cage. He was sad, and sighed as if he 
would break his heart. And this man, when 
Christian asked him why he was so mournful, 
said that he had done despite to the spirit of 
grace, he had professed and called himself a 
Christian, and yet left off to watch and be 
sober, and having sinned against light, was 
now given over to despair. Christian was 



26 the pilgrim's progress. 

warned by some things he saw in the house 
of the Interpreter ; and cheered by others, 
being put both in hope and fear. The Inter- 
preter at length let him depart, with the 
prayer that the Comforter should always be 
with him, to guard him in the way. 



THE RELEASE.— THE HILL DIFFICULTY. 



Christian went on his way, pondering on 
what he had seen in the house of the Inter- 
preter. And I saw in my dream that the 
highway in which he was to go, was fenced on 
each side ; and the name of the wall was Sal- 
vation. Still with his burthen did Christian 
toil on the way, till at length he came to a 
place somewhat ascending. Upon that place 
stood a cross, and a little below the cross a 
sepulchre. Just as Christian came up with 
the cross, the burthen which had weighed so 
heavy upon him fell from his shoulders, and 
began to tumble, and so continued till it came 
to the mouth of the Sepulchre, where it fell 
in, and I saw it no more. 

Then was Christian glad and lightsome ; 

(27) 



28 the pilgrim's progress. 

and he stood still awhile to look and wonder ; 
for it was very surprising to him that the 
sight of the cross should thus relieve him of 
his burthen. He looked, therefore, and looked 
again, until for joy and thankfulness tears ran 
down his cheeks. Now as he stood looking 
and weeping, behold three shining ones came 
to him, and saluted him with " Peace be to 
thee." And the first said to him, " Thy sins 
be forgiven thee." The second stripped him 
of his rags, and clothed him with a change of 
raiment. The third set a mark on his fore- 
head, and gave him a roll with a seal upon it, 
which he bid him look at as he ran, and that 
he should give it at the Celestial Gate. Then 
Christian leaped for joy, and went on his way 
singing. 

I saw then in my dream, that Christian 
went on thus singing, though alone, for the 
joy in his heart. Presently he came to a low 
place, where lay three men, with fetters on 
their heels. The name of the one was simple, 




EVANGELIST GIVING THE KOLL. 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 29 

another Sloth, and the third was named Pre- 
sumption. Christian, desirous of awaking 
these men out of their danger, went up to 
them and cried out " You are like men that 
sleep on the top of a mast ; for the Dead Sea 
is under you, a gulf which hath no bottom : 
awake therefore, and come away ; be willing 
also, and I will help you off with your irons." 
He also said to them, If he that goeth about 
as a roaring lion comes by, you will certainly 
be a prey to his teeth. But Simple said, "I 
see no danger," Sloth said "Yet a little more 
sleep ! " and Presumption repaid his kind inter- 
ference by declaring, " Every tub must stand 
upon its own bottom." So they lay down to 
sleep again, and Christian went on his way, 
since he could not arouse them. 

Presently as he walked, two men came 
tumbling over the walk on the left-hand side, 
and their names were Formalist and Hypocrisy. 
Christian asked them whence they came, and 
whither they would go ; and they said, " We 



30 THE PILGIRM'S PROGRESS. 

were born in the land of Vain Glory, and are 
going for praise to Mount Zion." 

Christian had some talk with them, about 
the irregular and improper mode by which 
they entered the way, and reminded them 
that it is written, "He that cometh not in by 
the door, but climbeth up some other way, 
the same is a thief and a robber." But they 
would not be convinced, and reviled him that 
the coat on his back was, as they said, given 
him by some of his neighbours, to hide his 
nakedness. Christian answered that the coat 
was indeed given him by the Lord of the 
place whither he went, and that it was kindly 
given indeed, as they said, to cover his naked- 
ness. He said that by this coat, the Lord of 
the Celestial City would know him ; and he told 
them also of the Roll which had been given him, 
and of the mark on his forehead. "All these 
things," said Christian, "I doubt you want, 
and want them because you came not in at the 
Gate." 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 31 

The strangers made Christian no answer, 
but looked on each other and laughed. So all 
three went on to the foot of the Hill Difficulty, 
Christian holding no more converse with them, 
but communing with himself. Now when 
they came to the foot of the Hill, there were 
found there two other ways, which turned to 
the right and to the left — but the narrow way 
led straight up the Hill. At the foot there 
was a spring, at which Christian refreshed 
himself, and began ascending. But Formality 
and Hypocrisy thinking the side paths easier, 
turned into those ways. The name of the one 
road was Danger, and the other Destruction : he 
who turned into the first was led into a dark 
wood, and he who wandered in the second, 
stumbled and fell to rise no more. 

I saw in my dream that Christian, in going 
up the hill, was compelled to slacken his pace ; 
from running he walked, and from walking 
stooped to his hands and knees, because of the 
steepness of the place. About mid-way up 



6Z THE PILGRIMS PROGRESS. 

the hill there was a pleasant arbor, made by 
the Lord of the hill for the refreshment of 
weary travellers. There Christian stopped to 
read in his parchment Roll, and rest, and rest- 
ing, fell asleep ; and in his sleep the Roll fell 
out of his hand. But as he slept there came 
one to him who said : " Go to the ant, thou 
sluggard ; consider her ways and be wise." 
Christian suddenly started up at the warning, 
and hastened on his journey, nor did he stop 
again until he had reached the top of the hill. 
When he had gained the top, there awaited 
him a new terror. Two men came running 
towards him ; the name of one of them being 
Timorous, the other Mistrust. Christian ques- 
tioned them why they should be running the 
wrong way ; and they answered that they 
were on their journey to Mount Zion, but the 
farther they went, the more danger they met. 
They had just seen a couple of lions in the 
path, whether asleep or awake they could not 
tell, and, fearing to be torn in pieces, had 
turned their backs on the Celestial City. 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 33 

Christian was afraid; but whither should 
he flee ? If he returned to his own country- 
he was sure to perish — if he could reach the 
Celestial City, he could there dwell in safety. 
So he determined to push forwards, though 
Mistrust and Timorous had run down the hill. 
Their fright had somewhat discouraged him ; 
and he felt in his bosom for the Roll, which 
had hitherto comforted him in every strait. 
It was not there ! 

In great distress, and bewailing the careless- 
ness which had brought him into such a diffi- 
culty, he turned back — not like Timorous and 
Mistrust, to run away from danger, but to find 
again the Roll which had been his comfort. 
He remembered the Israelites, who, for their 
sin, were sent back to wander in the desert, 
and thought his case was like theirs. But, to 
i his great joy, when he had come again to the 
place where he had lost his treasure, he dis- 
covered it, and caught it up, and placed it in 
his bosom. 
3 



THE HOUSE BEAUTIFUL. 



Who can tell how happy this man was, 
when he had secured his Koll again — for this: 
Koll was the assurance of his life and accept- 
ance at the Gate of the Celestial City. With 
many thanks to God for directing his steps to 
the place where it lay, he betook himself with 
diligence to his journey. But the sun set 
upon Christian before he reached the top of 
the hill, and he began to be fearful on account 
of the lions ; for, he said to himself, Those 
beasts range at night for their prey, and il 
they come upon me in the dark, how shall ] 
avoid them ? How shall I escape being torr 
in pieces ? While he thus bewailed his un ( 
happy miscarriage, he lifted up his eyes, anclj 
behold there was a very stately palace befor< j 

(34) 






THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 35 

him, the name of which was called Beautiful, 
and it stood just by the highwaj^ side. 

So I saw in my dream that he made haste, 
and entered a narrow passage, which was about 
a furlong off from the Porter's Lodge. Look- 
ing narrowly before him, he saw the two lions 
which had frightened Timorous and Mistrust. 
He was afraid, and was sore tempted to turn 
and run as they had done ; but the Porter, 
whose name was Watchful, called to him, and 
1 bade him not fear, for the lions were chained, 
1 and placed there only to try his faith. And 
1 Watchful told him to keep in the midst of the 
J path and no harm should come to him. So 
he did, though with fear and trembling; he 
; heard the lions roar, but they did him no 
harm, and he reached the gate in safety. 
The Porter told him, in answer to his ques- 
tion, that the house was built by the Lord of 
the Hill for the relief and security of Pilgrims. 
Then the Porter asked, Whence he was ? and 
Whither he was going ? 



36 the pilgrim's progress. 

Christian answered, "I am come from the 
city of Destruction, and am going to Mount 
Zion ; but because the sun is now set, I desire 
if I may lodge here to-night. My name is 
now Christian, but my name at the first was 
Graceless. And he furthermore acknowledged 
to Watchful, the reason why he was belated ; 
that he had slept and dropped his Roll, and 
lost time in recovering it. Then Watchful, 
according to the custom of the place, rang a 
bell, and summoned a maiden named Discre- 
tion, and she, after hearing his tale, smiled 
upon him, while tears stood in her eyes. 
Then she called out three others of the family 
of the Beautiful House, whose names were 
Prudence, Piety, and Charity. And they and 
many more welcomed him in, and said, " Come 
in, thou blessed of the Lord ; this house was i 
built by the Lord of the Hill, on purpose to 
entertain such Pilgrims in." And while supper 
was made ready, they passed the time in 
discourse upon the dangers which Christian 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 37 

had passed, and the things which he had seen, 
and the reason why he desired to go to Mount 
Zion. Christian said, ""There I hope to see 
him alive that did hang dead on the Cross ; 
there I hope to be rid of all those things that 
to this day are in me, an annoyance to me ; 
there they say is no death, and there I shall 
dwell, with such company as I like best. 
For, to tell you truth, I love Him, because I 
was by Him eased of my burden. And I am 
weary of my inward sickness ; I would fain 
be where I shall die no more, and with the 
company that shall continually cry, Holy, 
Holy, Holy ! " Christian talked also weeping 
of his wife and children, who being afraid to 
lose this world, and given also to its foolish 
delights, suffered him to go on pilgrimage 
alone. At supper their talk was of the Lord 
of the Hill, and what He had done. And 
when they had thus conversed till late, they 
betook themselves to rest ; and the chamber 
in which Christian rested was called Peace. 



38 the pilgrim's progress. 

In the morning they would not suffer Chris- 
tian to depart, until they had showed him the 
rarities of that place. And I saw in my 
dream, how they showed Christian the Records. 
And I understood that these Records are found 
in the Holy Bible. And I saw in the armory 
where they showed him the whole armor of 
God, enough to equip as many men as there 
are of the stars of heaven for multitude. 
And they showed him ancient things, as the 
Rod of Moses, and the sling with which David 
slew Goliath. With these wonders and many 
more, Christian was delighted. 

So passed the first day and the second, and 
on the third they besought him still to stay, 
that, from the top of the house, he might see 
the Delectable Mountains ; and behold at a 
great distance he saw a most pleasant moun- 
tainous country, beautified with woods, vine- 
yards, fruit of all sorts, flowers also, with 
springs and fountains, very delectable to be- 
hold. And they told him the name of the 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 39 

country was Immanuel's Land. And they 
said : " It is as common as this Hill is to, and 
for all Pilgrims ; and when thou comest there, 
from thence thou mayst see to the Gate of the 
Celestial City, as the Shepherds that live there 
will make appear." 

Nor did they suffer Christian to depart until 
they had taken him again to the armory, and 
there equipped him with armor of proof, from 
head to foot, lest he should meet assaults in 
the way. At the gate of the house, as he 
would depart, the Porter told him of his friend 
Faithful, who had passed the house on his 
way. Discretion, Piety, Charity and Prudence 
accompanied Christian down the Hill, to the 
Valley of Humiliation ; for Prudence said : 
" It is a hard matter for a man to go down, 
and catch no slips by the way." Christian 
went down very warily, and yet made a few 
mis-steps — for if the Hill is difficult going up, 
it is dangerous going down. 



40 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 

Then I saw in my dream that those good 
companions, when Christian had reached the 
bottom of the Hill, gave him a loaf of bread, 
a bottle of wine, and a cluster of raisins, and 
then he went on his way. 






APOLLYON AND THE VALLEY OF THE 
SHADOW. 



Poor Christian had gone but a little way in 
the Valley of Humiliation, before he espied a 
foul fiend coming over the field to meet him ; 
his name is Apollyon. Then Christian began 
to be afraid, and to cast in his mind whether 
he should go back or stand his ground. But 
he remembered that he had no armor for his 
back, and therefore thought that to turn 
would be sure death. So he considered that 
if he had no greater purpose than to save 
his life, it would be better to stand. The 
monster Apollyon was hideous to behold. He 
was clothed with scales, like a fish : he had 
wings like a dragon, feet like a bear, out of 
his belly came fire and smoke, and his mouth 
was as the mouth of a lion. With a disdain- 

(41) 



42 the pilgrim's progress. 

ful countenance he asked Christian : " Whence 
came you, and whither are you bound ?" 

" I am come from the City of Destruction," 
said Christian, " which is the place of all evil, 
and I am going to the City of Zion." Then 
Apollyon claimed him as one of his subjects. 
Christian answered that he was indeed born 
in the monster's dominions, but the wages were 
such as he could not live on, for u the wages 
of sin is death." And Christian declared he 
had entered the service of another, even the 
King of Princes. Apollyon with artful words 
strove to win him back. He told Christian 
that he had been already unfaithful to his new 
master, and recounted to him his different 
slips and back-slidings. But Christian an- 
swered : " All this is true, and much more that 
thou hast left out; but the Prince whom I 
serve and honour is merciful, and ready to 
forgive : but besides, these infirmities pos- 
sessed me in thy country, the City of Destruc- 
tion, whence I came out. There I sucked 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 43 

them in, and I have groaned under them, 
been sorry for them, and have obtained par- 
don from my Prince." 

Then Apollyon broke into a rage, and de- 
claring himself an enemy to that Prince, swore 
a horrid oath that Christian should go no 
farther, and planted his vile form directly in 
the way. At the same time he threw a flam- 
ing arrow at Christian, but he was provided 
with the shield which will quench the fiery 
darts of the wicked, and turned the deadly 
weapon aside. Christian drew his sword, for 
he saw it was time to bestir himself. 

Now Apollyon rained his darts upon poor 
Christian, as thick as hail, and notwithstand- 
ing all he could do to defend himself, he was 
wounded thereby in his head, his hand, and 
his foot. Christian fell a little back, and 
Apollyon pressed him hard — but Christian 
again took courage, and resisted as manfully 
as he could. The combat had now lasted half 
a day, and Christian being almost spent, Apol- 



44 the pilgrim's progress. 

lyon closed with him, and gave him a dreadful 
fall. And as he fell, his sword flew out of 
his hand, and Apollyon now felt sure of his 
death ; but just as the fiend was about to in- 
flict the last blow, Christian nimbly recovered 
his sword. " Rejoice not against me, mine 
enemy," cried Christian, " when I fall I shall 
arise !" and with that, Christian gave Apollyon 
a deadly blow, which made the fiend give back, 
as one who had received a mortal wound. 
Christian followed his advantage, and made at 
him again, saying, " Nay in all these things 
we are more than conquerors, through them 
that loved us." With that Apollyon spread 
out his dragon's wings and flew away, and 
Christian saw him no more. 

It was a terrible combat, and no man who 
saw and heard not, could imagine the yelling 
and hideous noise of Apollyon, and on the 
other hand, the piteous sighs and groans of 
Christian. And I saw in my dream that 
Christian gave in all, not one pleasant look 



_ y" 




CHRISTIAN PASSES THROUGH THE VALLEY. 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 45 

till he perceived that he had wounded Apol- 
lyon with Hs two edged sword — and then in- 
deed he did smile and look upward. And 
when the dragon had sped away, Christian 
gave thanks to Him that had helped him 
against Apollyon. 

Then there came to Christian a hand, with 
some of the leaves of the Tree of Life. These 
Christian applied to the wounds which he had 
received in the contest with Apollyon, and was 
immediately healed. He strengthened him- 
self also with the refreshments which had been 
given him by the family of the House Beauti- 
ful, and taking his sword in his hand, walked 
safely through the Valley of Humiliation. 

Now at the end of the Valley of Humilia- 
tion there was another, called the Valley of 
the Shadow of Death. It is a wilderness, a 
land of deserts and pits, a land of drought, — 
and none dwell therein. And here Christian 
was worse put to it than by his fight with 
Apollyon. At the entrance he met two men 



46 the pilgrim's progress. 

making haste to go back, even as Timorous 
and Mistrust had fled from the lions. But 
though they gave a terrific account of the 
place, yet was Christian not daunted. They 
said that they had seen in the place the Hob- 
goblins, Satyrs, and Dragons of the pit. They 
reported that they had heard in that valley a 
continual howling and yelling, as of people 
under unutterable misery, who sat there bound 
in affliction and irons. Over that valley, said 
they, hang the discouraging clouds of Confu- 
sion : Death also doth always spread his wings 
over it. In a word, it is every whit dreadful, 
being utterly without order. But Christian 
only saw in their description that this must be 
his way — and while the runaways hastened 
in their apostasy, Christian walked calmly on, 
with his sword in his hand, lest he should be 
assaulted. 

I saw then in my dream, so far as this 
valley reached that there was on the right 
hand a very deep ditch. That ditch it is into 



the pilgrim's progress. 47 

which the blind have led the blind in all ages, 
and have both there miserably perished. Again, 
behold on the left hand, there is a very danger- 
ous quag, into which if even a good man falls, 
he finds no bottom for his foot to stand on. 
Into that quag King David once did fall, and 
had no doubt therein been smothered, had not 
He that is able plucked him out. 

The pathway was here also exceeding narrow, 
and therefore good Christian was the more put 
to it ; for when he sought in the dark to shun 
the ditch on one hand, he was ready to fall 
over into the mire on the other ; also when 
he sought to escape the mire, without great 
carefulness he would be ready to fall into the 
ditch. Thus he went on, and I heard him 
sigh bitterly ; for beside the danger mentioned 
above, the path-way was here so dark, that 
oft-times, when he lifted up his foot to set 
forward, he knew not where, or upon what 
he should set it next. 

About the midst of the Valley, I perceived 



48 the pilgrim's progress. 

the mouth of Hell to be, and it stood hard by 
the way-side. Now, thought Christian, what 
shall I do? And ever and anon, the flame 
and smoke would come out in such abundance, 
with sparks and hideous noises, things that 
cared not for Christian's sword, as Apollyon 
did before, that he was forced to put up his 
sword, and betake himself to another weapon, 
called All-Prayer ; so he cried in my hearing, 
" Lord, I beseech thee, deliver my soul ! " 
Thus he went on a great while, yet still the 
flames would be reaching towards him. Also 
he heard doleful voices, and rushings to and 
fro, so that sometimes he thought that he 
should be torn in pieces, or trodden down, like 
mire in the streets. These frightful sights 
were seen, and these dreadful noises were 
heard by him for miles together. 

And I saw in my dream that coming to a 
place where he thought he heard a company 
of fiends coming towards him, Christian was 
at a stand again. Sometimes he had half a 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 49 

thought to go back, but remembering that he 
had already vanquished many a danger, he 
cried out, " I will walk in the strength of the 
Lord," and the evil spirits gave way before 
him. There were sad temptations and evil 
whisperings in his ears, and all the might and 
arts of Satan were employed to buffet him ; 
but at length he found consolation in a voice 
which seemed to go before him saying, " Though 
I walk in the Valley of the Shadow of Death, 
I will fear none ill ; for thou art with me." 

At this he was very much rejoiced ; for he 
rightly judged that there must be others, as 
well as himself in the Valley, who feared God, 
and he counted to meet them presently. And 
he perceived, moreover, that God was with 
him though he was in that dark and dismal 
state. And when the day broke he looked 
back, that he might see in its light what 
hazards he had passed through. He saw now 
more perfectly the ditch on the one hand, and 
the miry clay on the other ; and also the evil 
4 



50 the pilgrim's progress. 

spirits that had so tormented him, but which 
were now all afar off, for in the light they 
durst not come nigh him. And he was rejoiced 
that now the sun was rising ; for the part of 
the road through the Valley which he had yet 
to walk, was even more dangerous than that 
which he had passed in the dark. For all 
along, the road was set full of snares, gins, 
traps and nets here, and full of pits, pit-falls, 
deep holes, and shelvings down there ; so that 
had it been now dark, as it was when he came 
the first part of the way, he must have been 
lost. Then said he, "His candle shineth on 
my head, and by his light I go through dark- 
ness." And in this light he came to the end 
of the Valley of the Shadow of Death. 



THE PILGRIMAGE OF FAITHFUL. 



Now I saw in my dream that at the end of 
the Valley lay blood, bones, ashes, and mangled 
bodies of men, even of Pilgrims that had gone 
this way formerly. While I was musing what 
should be the reason, I espied before me a 
cave, where two giants, Pope and Pagan, 
dwelt in old time, by whose power and tyranny 
the men whose remains lay there, were put to 
death. By this place Christian went without 
much danger, whereat I somewhat wondered. 
But I have learned since that Pagan has been 
dead this many a day ; and as for the other, 
though he be yet alive, he is by reason of his 
age, and of the many encounters he met in 
his youth, grown so weak and stiff in his 
joints, that he now can do little more than sit 

(51) 



52 the pilgrim's progress. 

in his cave's mouth, grinning at Pilgrims as they 
go by, and biting his nails for vexation that 
he cannot reach them. Christian went on his 
way unharmed, though the old man called 
after him saying, " You will never mend until 
more of you be burnt ! " Christian could not 
tell what to think of this, but made no answer, 
and received no hurt. 

I saw in my dream that as Christian went 
on his way, he came to a little ascent that was 
cast up on purpose that Pilgrims might see 
before them, and looking forward he saw 
Faithful, and called to him to wait and he 
would be his companion. But Faithful answer- 
ed, " No ; I am upon my life, and the Avenger 
of Blood is behind me." Then Christian 
tried with all his strength and reached Faithful 
and outran him. Christian smiled in vain- 
glory because he had thus gained an advantage 
over his brother ; but his pride was rebuked, 
for he stumbled and fell, and could not rise 
until Faithful came to his assistance. 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 53 

After that they walked along very lovingly 
together, and talked of what each had seen in 
his pilgrimage so far. Faithful, who left the 
city of Destruction after Christian, related to 
him among other things, how Christian's de- 
parture had caused a great stir and talk among 
his townsmen of their danger, insomuch that 
Faithful could stay no longer. Faithful in his 
journey escaped the Slough of Despond, but 
found some enemies whom Christian did not 
encounter. Among these was Adam the First, 
who dwelt in the town of Deceit, and met 
Faithful at the Hill Difficulty. Adam tried 
to ensnare him with The Lust of the Flesh, 
The Lust of the Eyes, and The Pride of Life, 
his three daughters. Faithful wavered, but 
was warned to "put off the old man with his 
deeds," and so escaped. But he was punished 
under the law, by Moses, for listening to the 
tempter. He was struck down and once 
wounded ; but was delivered from his danger- 
ous condition by One who had holes in His 



54 the pilgrim's progress. 

hands and His side; and by these marks, 
Faithful knew him to be the Lord. 

Faithful encountered in the Valley of Humil- 
iation two sore enemies, Discontent and Shame, 
who strove to make him waver by worldly 
arguments; and reminded him that his old 
friends, Pride, Arrogance, Self-conceit, and 
others, would be very much offended with him 
if he waded through the Valley. Nevertheless 
he went on, and met no more hindrance ; nor 
did he, like Christian, encounter Apollyon. 
As the two friends talked together, and com- 
pared their experience, they were overtaken 
by one Talkative. Faithful had a mind to be 
friends with him, and was taken with his fine 
discourse, for he had religious words at his 
tongue's end. But Christian, when opportunity 
offered, cautioned his brother Pilgrim of the 
character of this new comer. "For," said 
Christian, who knew him, "this man is for 
any company and any talk ; as he talketh now 
with you, so will he talk on the ale-bench ; 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 55 

and the more drink he hath in his crown, the 
more of these things he hath in his mouth. 
Religion hath no place in his heart or house ; 
all he hath is in his tongue, and his religion 
is to make a noise therewith." And Faithful 
then putting Talkative to the test, presently 
discovered that it was even as Christian said. 
Therefore he plainly admonished him, and 
Talkative was soon glad to part company. 

When Talkative had left them, Faithful 
and Christian went on their way, holding 
sweet counsel together. And as they walked, 
Evangelist overtook them. Both were delight- 
ed to welcome him who had first put them in 
the heavenly way. They told him what they 
had seen, and how with difficulty they had 
arrived at that place. And Evangelist re- 
joiced with them in what they had already 
done, and charged them to hold fast what they 
had gained. He warned them also, of the 
difficulties that were still before them, and of 
the dangers which must befal them in the town 



56 the pilgrim's progress. 

in which they should shortly enter. He told 
them that they would be hard beset with 
enemies, who would aim at their lives, and 
that one or both must die for his faith. " But," 
said Evangelist, "he that shall die there, 
though his death be unnatural, will yet have 
the better of his fellow ; not only because he 
will arrive at the Celestial City soonest, but 
because he will escape many miseries that the 
other will meet in the rest of his journey." 

So the Pilgrims, when Evangelist had left 
them, presently reached the town of Vanity. 
At that town there is a fair kept, called Vanity 
Fair : it is kept all the year long. It beareth 
the name of Vanity Fair, because the Town 
where it is kept is lighter than Vanity, and 
because all that is there sold or that cometh 
thither is vanity. It is a Fair of ancient 
standing, being nearly five thousand years old, 
and hath been set up ever since Pilgrims first 
began to go to the Celestial City. And at 
this Fair are sold all the merchandises and 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 57 

delights of this world; and its amusements 
are the vain follies and sins in which the 
wicked are wont to seek pleasure. As in all 
Fairs there is one chief commodity, so the 
ware of Rome is the chief good of Vanity, 
though in these latter days many have taken 
a dislike thereat. Pilgrims must need go 
through this Fair ; for the Prince of Princes 
himself passed through it, and here Beelzebub 
showed him the kingdoms of this world and 
the glory of them 

Now as Christian and Faithful entered the 
Fair, all the people of the place were in a hub- 
bub because of them. For their raiment was 
different from the raiment of Vanity Fair, and 
people made a great gazing at them. Some 
said they were fools, and others that they were 
Bedlamites. Their speech was different — the 
Pilgrims spoke the language of Canaan, but 
they that kept the fair were men of the world. 
And what the more astonished the men of the 
Fair, was that the Pilgrims despised their 



58 the pilgrim's progress. 

wares, and would not so much as look upon 
them ; but if called upon to buy, would stop 
their ears, and looking up to Heaven, cry, 
" Turn away mine eyes from beholding vanity ." 
At length, by one of the venders, the Pil- 
grims were asked, " What will ye buy ?" 
They, looking gravely upon him, said : " We 
buy the Truth." At that, great confusion 
rose in the Fair, some mocking and taunting 
the Pilgrims, and some calling on others to 
strike them. At last things reached such a 
pass that the Pilgrims were arrested, because 
by them, it was charged, that the Fair was 
almost overturned. They were asked, Whence 
they came ? Whither they went ? and, What 
they did in such an unusual dress ? " Christian 
and Faithful answered that they were strangers 
and Pilgrims in the World, and were going to 
their own country, which was the Heavenly 
Jerusalem ; and that they had given no occa- 
sion to the men of the town nor to the merchan- 
dizers thus to abuse them, except that when 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 59 

one asked them what they would buy, they 
said, "We buy the Truth." 

Their defence did not avail with examiners 
who were determined to punish ; so they took 
them and beat them, and put them in a cage 
and besmeared them with dirt, that they 
might be made a spectacle to all the men of 
the Fair. There they lay, the sport of malice ; 
but being patient and not rendering railing 
for railing, but contrariwise blessing, it soon 
happened that even in Vanity Fair a party 
arose in their favor. Some men, more obser- 
ving and less prejudiced than the rest, began 
to blame the baser sort for their wickedness. 
And these attacked their townsmen, calling 
them as bad as the men in the cage. The 
others retaliated, and while Christian and 
faithful took no part by word or sign in the 
fray, the men of the Fair came to blows among 
themselves. 

Then w r ere poor Christian and Faithful un- 
justly held accountable for that in which they 



60 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 

had no share, and beaten again, and led in 
chains up and down, for a terror to others 
that none should join themselves to them. 
But so meekly and wisely did they behave 
themselves under persecution, that it won to 
their side several men in the Fair, though the 
party in their favor bore no proportion to the 
rest. This put their enemies in a still greater 
rage, and they determined that Christian and 
Faithful should die for their cause. So I saw 
in my dream that they were remanded to their 
cage again, and that their feet were set fast 
in the stocks. Here they comforted each 
other with what their faithful friend Evangelist 
had told them ; and if one must die, as Evan- 
gelist had said, to give testimony to the truth, 
each wished in himself that it might be he. 
But committing themselves to the all-wise dis- 
posal of Him that ruleth all things, with much 
content they abode in the condition in which 
they were until they should be otherwise 
disposed of. 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 61 

An indictment was soon found against them, 
"That they were enemies and disturbers of 
the Trade ; and that they had made commotions 
and divisions in the town, and Avon a party to 
their own most dangerous opinions, in contempt 
of the law of their Prince." Now the Prince 
of Vanity Fair is Beelzebub, whom the Pil- 
grims defied, with all his angels. The judge 
who tried the case was Lord Hategood. The wit- 
nesses against the prisoners were Envy, Super- 
stition, and Pickthank. The jury were Mr. 
Blindman, Mr. Nogood, Mr. Malice, Mr. Love- 
list, Mr. Liveloose, Mr. Heady, Mr. Highmind, 
Mr. Enmity, Mr. Liar, Mr. Cruelty, Mr. Hate- 
light, and Mr. Implacable. They first tried 
Faithful; and such witnesses, such a judge, 
and such a jury, found no difficulty in bringing 
him in guilty. He was then sentenced to die 
the most cruel death that could be invented. 

They therefore brought him out, to do 
with him according to their law. First they 
scourged him, then they buffeted him, then 



62 the pilgrim's progress. 

they lanced his flesh with knives, after that 
they stoned him with stones, and last of all 
they burned him to ashes at the stake. Thus 
came Faithful to his end. But I saw in my 
dream that there stood behind the multitude a 
chariot and a couple of horses waiting for Faith- 
ful ; who, as soon as his adversaries had dispatch- 
ed him, was taken up into it, and straightway 
carried through the clouds, the nearest way to 
the Celestial Gate. 



DOUBTING CASTLE. 



When Faithful was executed, according to 
the wicked thoughts of his enemies, Christian 
was taken back to prison, there to remain till 
his foes were ready for a second murder. But 
He who overrules all things, so wrought it 
about, that Christian escaped their hands, and 
went on his way, singing the good life and happy 
death of Faithful, who had gone before him 
to the Heavenly Kingdom. Nor did Christian 
go forth alone. One, whose name was Hopeful, 
being made hopeful by beholding Christian 
and Faithful in their conduct under their 
sufferings, accompanied with him. As Faith- 
ful died to bear testimony to the truth, so 
Hopeful rose out of his ashes to be a companion 
for Christian. And Hopeful told him that 

(63) 



G4 the pilgrim's progress. 

there were many more in the Fair, that would 
also take their time and follow after. 

And, as Christian and Hopeful walked, they 
overtook a man, who told them that he came 
from, a town called Fair Speech, and was 
going to the Celestial City. In his religion, 
this man had two points of difference from 
the Pilgrims. He was of those who, First, 
never strive against wind and tide ; and, Second, 
who are always most zealous when Religion 
goes in his silver slippers, and who love to 
walk with him in the street, when the sun 
shines and the people applaud him. Now 
Christian discovered, from his talk, that he 
was named By-Ends, and was a very knave. 
And, when he was asked, By-Ends owned that 
he was thus called, but declared that it was 
a nick-name, and not his own. But Christian 
thought the name properly belonged to him, 
and would not admit him as his associate, 
except upon conditions. "If," said Christian, 
"you will go with us, you must go against 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 65 

wind and tide ; the which I perceive is against 
your opinion. You must also own Religion in 
his rags, as well as in his silver slippers, and 
stand by him when bound with irons, as well 
as when he walketh the streets with applause." 
By-Ends could not comply with such terms, 
and so fell behind. In a short time, he was 
joined by three more travellers, who were old 
acquaintances, and of his own opinions. These 
were, Mr. Hold-the-world, Mr. Moneylove, and 
Mr. Saveall. And, as these four walked, 
they convinced themselves, in their talk, that 
a man may serve God and Mammon, and make 
Religion a means to get gain, and still save 
his soul. Having thus satisfied themselves, 
they pressed forward to put the question to 
Christian; little doubting that they should 
confound him. But Christian said, "Even a 
babe in religion may answer ten thousand such 
questions ; for if it be unlawful to follow Christ 
for loaves, how much more abominable is it 
to make of Him and religion a stalking-horse 
5 



66 the pilgrim's progress. 

to get and enjoy the world ! Nor do we find 
any other than Heathens, Hypocrites, and 
Devils, that are of this opinion. The Hypo- 
critical Pharisees were of this religion, and so 
were Judas the traitor, and Simon the wizard. 
To answer the question, therefore, as I see you 
have done, is heathenish, hypocritical, and 
devilish ; and your reward will be according to 
your works." 

The four stood staring at Christian ; but 
having nothing to answer, again fell behind. 
And Hopeful and Christian travelled plea- 
santly over a plain called Ease ; and I saw in 
my dream, that this plain, small and soon 
passed, was an emblem of the little ease that 
Pilgrims may expect in this world. At the 
further side of that plain was a little hill 
called Lucre, and in that hill a Silver Mine, 
which Pilgrims who had gone that way had 
formerly turned aside to see, but the deceitful 
ground broke under them, and some were slain, 
and others maimed for life. Then I saw in 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 07 

my dream that Demas, who loved this present 
world, stood over against the mine to invite pas- 
sengers to come and see. Demas called to them, 
and Hopeful would have been persuaded, but 
Christian would not suffer him; so they went 
their way. But when By-Ends and his com- 
panions came up, at the first invitation they 
went to the mine. Now whether they fell into 
the pit, hy looking over the brink thereof, or 
whether they went down to dig, or were 
smothered at the bottom by the damps that 
commonly arise, I know not; but this I ob- 
served that they were never seen again in 
the way. 

And I saw in my dream that Christian and 
Hopeful came to the pillar of salt into which 
Lot's wife was turned, for looking back with 
a covetous heart, after she had (led from Sodoin 
for safety. And they both considered it a 
seasonable sight; for had they turned at the 
invitation of Demas, they might have been 
made an example to those that came after. 



68 the pilgrim's progress. 

And while they discoursed on this topic they 
reached a pleasant river, which David the 
king calls the River of God, and John the 
Divine the River of the Water of Life. On 
its banks for several days and nights they 
stopped, and refreshed themselves with rest 
and the pleasant fruits with which the place 
abounded. 

When again they journeyed they were not 
a little sorry to find that the road left this 
pleasant river — yet they durst not at first 
go out of the way. They were travel-weary 
and their feet were sore, and much they longed 
for a smoother path, for the way here was 
rough. Temptation was before them — for a 
stile led into a meadow, and a path lay along 
the way the other side of the fence. This 
meadow was called By-Path Meadow. Hopeful 
hesitated, but persuaded by Christian, he went 
over with him, and they found the path much 
easier for their feet than the road. 

And I saw in my dream that a man walked 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 69 

before them whose name was Vain Confidence. 
They called to him, and asked him which way 
the path led, and he said, "To the Celestial 
Gate." So Christian said to Hopeful, "You 
see we are right," and Yain Confidence walked 
on and they followed him. Presently the 
night came on and it was very dark, so that 
they who were behind could not see him who 
went before. 

Yain Confidence, not discerning the way 
before him, fell into a deep pit, which was on 
purpose made, by the Prince of these grounds 
to catch vain-glorious fools in, and was dashed 
in pieces by the fall. Christian and Hopeful 
heard the fall, and called to know what had 
happened ; but there was none to answer, and 
they heard only a groaning. Then were they 
greatly troubled, and now it began to rain and 
thunder and lightning in a most dreadful 
manner, and the water rose amain. But as 
forgiving men they reviled not, but strove to 
comfort each the other, and laboured to find 



70 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 

their way back to the true path. And they 
heard for their encouragement the voice of 
one saying, " Let thine heart be towards the 
high-way; even the way that thou wentest 
turn again." 

The waters were now greatly risen, and the 
way back was very dangerous. Then I thought 
that it is easier going out of the way when 
we are in, than going in when we are out. 
With all their efforts they could not reach 
the stile where they had crossed that night. 
Reaching a little shelter, they sat down to rest 
until day-break and fell asleep. Not far from 
where they were was a castle called Doubting 
Castle, the owner whereof was Giant Despair. 
It was in his grounds they were now sleeping, 
and he, getting up and walking up and down 
in his fields caught Christian and Hopeful 
there. With a grim and surly voice he bade 
them awake, and asked them whence they 
were, and what they did in his grounds. They 
told him they were Pilgrims and had lost their 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 71 

way. "Then," said the Giant, "you have 
this night trespassed on me by trampling in 
and lying on my grounds, and therefore you 
must go along with me." 

And I saw in my dream that he cast them 
into a dark dungeon, foul to their souls, and 
there they lay without food or drink from 
Wednesday morning till Saturday night. The 
Giant had a wife, whose name was Diffidence. 
By her counsel he beat them cruelly on 
Thursday morning; and on Friday he told 
them, by the same advice, "that since they 
were never like to come out of that place, 
their only way would be forthwith to make an 
end of themselves either with knife, halter or 
poison ; " for why," said he, "should you choose 
to live, seeing it is attended with so much 
bitterness?" But they desired him to let 
them go. With that he looked ugly upon 
them, and rushing to them, had doubtless 
made an end of them himself, but that he fell 
into one of his fits, — for he sometimes in 



72 the pilgrim's progress. 

sunshiny weather fell into fits — and lost for 
a time the use of his hands. 

The Giant withdrew, and left his prisoners, 
as before, to consult between themselves. 
Christian was sore tempted to do as the Giant 
had bid them, but Hopeful comforted and 
gave him better counsel. At night, Giant 
Despair came again, and finding them barely 
alive — for that was all, fell into a grievous 
rage, and told them, that, seeing they had dis- 
obeyed him, it had been better for them if 
they had never been born. Christian fell into 
a swoon, and when the Giant had gone seemed 
again disposed to follow his counsel. But 
Hopeful assured him once more, and reminded 
him of his valiant deeds against Apollyon, 
and in the Valley, and in Vanity Fair, ex- 
horting him to bear up still with patience. 

Now night being come again, and the Giant 
and his wife being in bed, she asked him if the 
prisoners had taken his counsel. To this he 
replied : " They are sturdy rogues ; they 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 73 

choose rather to bear all hardships than to 
make way with themselves." " Then," said 
she, " take them into the Castle Yard to-mor- 
row, and show them the bones and skulls of 
those that thou hast already despatched ; and 
make them believe that before a week comes 
to an end thou wilt tear them to pieces, as 
thou hast done their fellows before them." So 
Giant Despair followed this counsel, and then 
drove them back down into their den. All 
day Saturday they lay in lamentable case, as 
before. When night came the Giant wondered 
that he could neither by his blows, nor by his 
bad advice, bring them to an end. And his 
wife said that she feared they had pick-locks 
wherewith they hoped to escape. The Giant 
then determined that he would search them 
in the morning. 

But on that Saturday night Christian and 
Hopeful began to pray, and thus continued 
till almost break of day. Now a little before 
it was day, good Christian, as one half amazed, 



74 the pilgrim's progress. 

broke out into a passionate speech : " What a 
fool," he said, " am I to lie in a foul dungeon, 
when I may as well walk at liberty ! I have 
a key in my bosom that will, I am persuaded, 
open any lock in Doubting Castle." Then 
said Hopeful : " That's good news : good bro- 
ther, pluck it out of thy bosom, and try." 

Then Christian pulled it out of his bosom, 
and began to try at the dungeon door, and the 
door flew open with ease, and they both came 
out. The outward door, that leads into the 
Castle Yard, opened easily, also ; but when he 
came to the iron gate the bolt moved very hard, 
yet still the key opened it. But the gate, as 
they pushed, made such a creaking that it 
waked Giant Despair. He hastily rose to 
pursue his prisoners, but felt his limbs to fail ; 
for his fits took him again so that he could by 
no means go after them. Then they hastened 
on, and came to the King's highway, and so 
were safe, for they were out of the Giant's 
jurisdiction. 




ESCAPE FROM THE DOUBTING CASTLE. 



THE DELECTABLE MOUNTAINS. 



When Christian and Hopeful were safe over 
the stile, they first erected a pillar with an 
inscription, to warn other Pilgrims against 
straying into the grounds of Giant Despair. 
Then they went on with joy till they came to 
the Delectable Mountains. They drank at 
the fountains and washed themselves, and 
freely ate of the vineyards, as was their privi- 
lege. Now there were on the tops of those 
mountains Shepherds feeding their flocks, and 
they stood by the highway side. The Pil- 
grims, therefore, went to them, and leaning 
upon their staffs, they asked : " Whose Delec- 
table mountains are these ? and whose be the 
sheep that feed upon them ?" And the Shep- 
herds said : " These mountains are Immanuel's 
land, and they are within sight of his City ; 

(75) 



76 the pilgrim's progress. 

and the sheep also are his, and he laid down 
his life for them." Christian asked: "How- 
far is the Celestial City ?" And the Shepherds 
said : " Too far for any but those who shall get 
thither indeed." And when Christian would 
know if the way were safe or dangerous, the 
Shepherds replied : " Safe for those to whom 
it is to be safe, but transgressors shall fall 
therein." 

The names of these Shepherds were Know- 
ledge, Experience, Watchful, and Sincere ; and 
when they had learned of Christian and Hope- 
ful their adventures they welcomed them with 
love to the Delectable Mountains, and pressed 
them to stay awhile, which Christian and 
Hopeful were well content to do. And I saw 
in my dream that, when the Pilgrims were re- 
freshed with a night's rest, the Shepherds took 
them out upon the mountains to show them 
some wonders. They took them first to the 
top of the hill called Error, which was very 
steep at the farthest side, and looking down to 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 77 

the bottom they saw several men dashed all 
to pieces by a fall from the top. And the 
Pilgrims were told that these were the men 
who were made to err by hearkening to 
Hymeneus and Philetus concerning the resur- 
rection of the body — and that they had been 
left thus unburied for a warning to others to 
take heed how they clamber too high, or ven- 
ture too near the precipice of error. 

From the top of another mountain called 
Caution, they saw several men wandering up 
and down among tombs that were there, and 
they perceived that they were blind, because 
they stumbled. And the Shepherds told them 
that these blind men were Pilgrims who wan- 
dered into the precincts of Giant Despair. 
He threw them into his dungeon, where he 
at last did put out their eyes, and led them 
among those tombs, where he left them to 
wander, that the saying of the Wise Man 
might be fulfilled : " He that wandereth out 
of the way of understanding, shall remain in 



78 the pilgrim's progress. 

the congregation of the dead." Then Chris- 
tian and Hopeful looked one upon the other 
with tears gushing out at the thought of the 
danger they had escaped. 

Then I saw in my dream that the Shep- 
herds led the Pilgrims to another place, in a 
valley, where was a door in the side of a hill, 
and bade them look in. They looked in, and 
saw that it was very dark and smoky ; they 
also thought that they heard a rumbling noise 
as of fire, and a cry of some tormented. And 
they learned from the Shepherds that this was 
a by-way to punishment, such as hypocrites 
go in at ; namely, such as sell their birth-right 
like Esau ; such as blaspheme the Gospel with 
Alexander ; such as sell their Master like Ju- 
das ; and that lie and dissemble with Ananias 
and Sapphira his wife. And the Pilgrims 
learned that all of these had a show of Pil- 
grimage, and even held it a long time, and 
that many had reached as far, and even far- 
ther than the Delectable Mountains. And 










TtlE SHEPHERD S PERSPECTIVE GLASS. 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 79 

Christian and Hopeful felt that they had need 
to cry to the Strong for strength — " Ay," said 
the Shepherds, "and you will have need to 
use it when you have it, too." 

By this time the Pilgrims had a desire to go 
forwards, and the Shepherds a desire that they 
should, so they walked together toward the 
end of the mountains. Then said the Shep- 
herds : " Let us show the Pilgrims the Gates 
of the Celestial City, if they have skill to look 
through our perspective glass. They then 
climbed to the top of an high hill called Clear, 
and the Shepherds gave them the glass to look. 
But the remembrance of the last thing they 
had seen, the fate of apostates and hypocrites, 
made their hands shake ; and therefore they 
could not look steadily through the glass. 
Yet they thought they saw something like the 
Gate, and something of the glory of the place. 

Now when they were about to depart, one 
of the Shepherds gave them A Note of the 



80 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 

Way. Another bade them Beware of the 
Flatterer. The third told them to Take heed 
that they slept not on the Enchanted Ground. 
And the fourth bade them God Speed. 
So I awoke from my dream. 



THE FLATTERER. 



And I slept and dreamed again, and saw 
the same two Pilgrims going down the Moun- 
tains along the highway towards the City. A 
little below these mountains, on the left hand, 
lieth the country of Conceit, from which coun- 
try a little crooked lane comes into the way in 
which the Pilgrims walked. Here they met 
a brisk lad named Ignorance, who came from 
that country, and who said he was going to 
the Celestial City. Christian warned him that 
as he came not in at the Wicket Gate, at the 
head of the way, in the day of reckoning he 
would have laid to his charge that he was a 
thief and a robber, instead of getting admit- 
tance into the City. But Ignorance was wise 
in his own conceit, and for the present the 
6 (81 > 



82 the pilgrim's progress. 

Pilgrims passed him by. A little farther on 
the Pilgrims met a wanton Professor and 
Apostate, bound with cords, who was being 
conducted back to the place which the Shep- 
herds had showed them in the side of the hill. 
At this sight Christian did tremble, and so did 
Hopeful his companion. 

And as they walked they beguiled the road 
with conversation respecting a Pilgrim named 
Little Faith, who was robbed of his money 
by three thieves, but saved his jewels, and his 
Roll or certificate, and made shift to scramble 
along, though with much ado. The Pilgrims 
were near to chiding each other, when one 
boasted what he would have done in Little 
Faith's case, and the other reminded him how 
greater than he had been glad of a convoy 
while thieves were in the way. Presently as 
they walked, they discovered that to trust 
one's self is not to be secure. 

They reached a place where there seemed 
two ways, both straight before them, and they 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 83 

knew not which to choose. Then there came 
a man, black of flesh, but covered with a very 
light robe, and asked why they stood there. 
They answered that they were going to the 
Celestial City, but knew not which road to 
take. "Follow me," said the man, "it is 
thither that I am going." So they followed 
him, and the way he led turned and turned 
them so from the City that they desired to go 
to, that in a little time their faces were turned 
away from it altogether, yet they followed on. 
But by and by, before they were aware, he 
led them both within the compass of a net, in 
which they were so entangled that they knew 
not what to do. Then the white robe fell off 
the Black Man's back, and they saw where 
they were. And Christian said, "Now do I 
see myself in error. Did not the Shepherds 
bid us beware of the Flatterer? As is the 
saying of the Wise Man so have we found it 
this day : ' A man that flattereth his neighbor 
spreadeth a net for his feet.' " 



84 the pilgrim's progress. 

Thus they lay bewailing themselves in the 
net. At last I espied in my dream a shining 
One, coming to the place where they were 
with a whip of small cords in his hand. And 
when he found how they came there, he told 
them they had been betrayed by Flatterer, a 
false Apostle, and rending the net he set them 
free, and conducted them back to the right 
path. And when he had asked them, and 
they confessed that they received a Note of 
the Way, and a caution against the Flatterer, 
and had heeded neither, he bade them lie 
down, and chastened them sore with his 
whip, to teach them the good way wherein 
they should walk. And as he chastened 
them he said, " As many as I love I rebuke 
and chasten : be zealous therefore and repent." 

Then I saw in my dream that the Pilgrims 
thanked the Chastener for his kindness, and 
went on their way. Presently there met them 
one Atheist, who denied that there is a 
Celestial City, and had turned his back upon 
it, choosing his portion in this world. They 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 85 

refused to hear him, having had enough of 
the consequences of listening to false advisers. 
And as they walked they came to a country 
where a heavy drowsiness fell upon them, and 
here Hopeful would have had them to lie down 
and take one nap. But Christian reminded 
him of the warning of the Shepherd that they 
should beware of the Enchanted Ground. 
And Enchanted Ground they perceived this 
to be, since its air would have led them to 
sleep, instead of watching and praying. So 
they took up a godly conversation in order 
that by that means they might keep awake. 
Then they remembered their fellow-traveller 
Ignorance, and waited for him, hoping that 
by good counsel they might open his under- 
standing. But, rinding that he would not be 
instructed, and he complaining that they 
walked so fast that he could not keep pace 
with them, they were forced to leave him 
behind again ; and Christian and Hopeful 
walked on before, while Ignorance came hob- 
{ bling after. 



THE PASSAGE THROUGH THE WATERS 



Now I saw in my dream that the Pilgrims 
had got over the Enchanted Ground, and 
entered into the Land of Beulah. Here the 
air was sweet and pleasant, and the Pilgrims 
solaced themselves amid the delights of the 
land for a season. In this country the sun 
shineth night and day, for it is beyond the 
Valley of the Shadow of Death, and out of 
the reach of Giant Despair, and you cannot, 
in it, so much as see Doubting Castle. Here 
they were in sight of the City to which they 
were going, and here they met also some of 
the inhabitants of that City, for in this land 
the Shining Ones commonly walk, because it 
is on the borders of Heaven. Here they 
heard music and happy voices from thence, 

(86) 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 87 

and here they were bid to recruit themselves 
with the dainties in the King's Vineyards, 
and to frequent the walks and arbors where 
he delighted to be. 

Now I saw in nry dream that they would 
go up to the City, in the hope of which they 
had so long walked. But its glories were so 
bright that they could not with unveiled eyes 
look upon it, but saw it through a glass darkly. 
And as they w r alked they met two Shining 
Ones, and put themselves under their gui- 
dance. Then they came to a dark and deep 
River, over which there was no bridge ; and 
the Pilgrims were shocked when they heard 
that this must be passed, and that only two, 
Enoch and Elijah, had found another way 
over, since the beginning of the world. But 
they were told that they should find the wa- 
ter deeper or shallower as they believed in the 
King of the Place. Then they walked into 
the water, and Christian, beginning to sink, 
was much troubled with remorse of conscience, 



88 the pilgrim's progress. 

for sins which he had committed both before 
and since he became a Pilgrim. Then I knew 
in my dream that in the hour of death the 
Christian of tender conscience may have a 
grievous conflict, and still be safe ; for pres- 
ently Christian broke out with a loud voice : 
" Oh, I see Him again, and He tells me, When 
thou passest through the waters I will be with 
thee ; and through the rivers, they shall not 
overflow thee." Then Hopeful and Christian 
took courage, and they found ground to stand 
upon, and both passed over. Upon the bank 
of the River, on the other side, they saw the 
two Shining Ones again, who, as they came 
out of the water, saluted and welcomed the 
Pilgrims — for these Shining Ones were Minis- 
tering Spirits. And I saw in my dream that 
the Pilgrims ascended the mighty hill, on 
which The City stood, with ease, for they had 
angels to bear them. And I saw moreover 
that the Pilgrims had left their mortal garments 
in the River ; for though they went in with 
them, they came out without them. 




WHEN THOU TASSEST THROUGH THE WATER, I WILL BE 
WITH THEE. 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 89 

And while, in sweet conversation with their 
conductors, they drew near the Gate, and talk- 
ed of the glories into which they were about 
to enter, I saw that a company of the Heavenly 
Host came out of the City, and welcomed 
them with a shout, saying, " Blessed are they 
that are called to the Marriage Supper of the 
Lamb." And the King's trumpeters welcomed 
them also with ten thousand welcomes on 
their golden trumpets ; and with shouting for 
joy, the Celestial Host compassed them round. 
Thus they came to the Gate, and over it was 
written : — 

BLESSED ARE THEY THAT DO HIS COMMANDMENTS, THAT 

THEY MAY HAVE RIGHT TO THE TREE OF LIFE, 

AND MAY ENTER IN THROUGH THE 

GATE INTO THE CITY. 

And when the Pilgrims called at the Gate, 
there looked over from above saints, who in 
the ancient time were Pilgrims — as Enoch, 
Moses, Elijah, and many more. And Christian 



90 the pilgrim's progress. 

and Hopeful presented their certificates, and 
the King commanded that they should be 
admitted. 

Now I saw in my dream that these two men, 
Christian and Hopeful, went in at the Gate. 
And as they entered, they were transfigured, 
and they had raiment put on that shone like 
gold. They were also presented with harps 
and crowns, the harps to praise withal, and 
the crowns in token of honor. Then I heard 
in my dream that all the bells in the city rang 
again for joy; and that it was said unto 
them, 

"Enter ye into the joy of our lord." 

I also heard the Pilgrims themselves sing 
with a loud voice, saying, 

"Blessing, and Honor, and Glory, and Power, 

be unto Him that sitteth upon the Throne, 

and unto the Lamb for ever 

AND EVER." 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 91 

Now, just as the Gate was opened to let in 
the Pilgrims, I looked after them, and behold 
the City shone like the sun ; the streets were 
paved with gold, and in them walked many 
men with crowns upon their heads, palms in 
their hands, and golden harps. There were 
also them that had wings, and they answered 
one another without intermission, saying, 
"Holy, holy, holy is the Lord." And after 
that, they shut up the Gate, which, when I 
had seen, I wished myself among them. 

Now while I was gazing, I turned my head 
and looked back, and saw Ignorance come up 
to the River side. He soon got over, and 
without the trouble that the others had, for 
he was ferried over by a deceiver named Vain 
Hope. But no ministering angels met him, 
and he came alone to the Gate. He was asked 
"Whence come you, and what would you 
have ?" He answered, "I have eat and drunk 
in the presence of the King, and he has taught 
in our streets." But forasmuch as he could 



92 the pilgrim's progress. 

offer no certificate, the King would not come 
down to see him, but commanded the two 
Shining Ones that welcomed Christian and 
Hopeful, to bind Ignorance, and take him 
away. Then they took him up, and carried 
him through the air, to the door I saw in the 
side of the Hill, and put him in there. Then 
I saw that there was a way to Hell, even 
from the Gates of Heaven, as well as from the 
City of Destruction. 

SO I AWOKE, AND BEHOLD IT WAS A DREAM. 



THE 



PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 



SECOND PART. 

The great popularity of the " Pilgrim's Pro- 
gress," the many editions which the people 
called for, and the inquiries which were made 
of the author, why he did not tell what be- 
came of Christian's wife and children, induced 
Bunyan to think of writing a second part, to 
describe their progress after Christian. There 
was another strong motive, too, in the fact 
that pretenders and imitators threatened to 
write a continuation of the book, if the true 
author did not do it. It is also certain that 
Bunyan was pleased with a work in which he 

(93) 



94 INTRODUCTION TO SECOND PART. 

succeeded so well, and with which others were 
both amused and improved. Therefore, about 
ten years after the First Part was first pub- 
lished, and after eight editions had been 
printed, he caused the Second Part to be 
issued : " Wherein is set forth the manner of 
the setting out of Christian's wife and chil- 
dren; their dangerous journey, and safe arrival 
at the desired country." 



tl( 



THE SETTING FORTH OF CHRISTIANA. 



After Christian was gone over the river, 
and his wife could hear of him no more, her 
conscience was smitten with the remembrance 
of the manner in which she hardened her 
heart against his entreaties that she would 
accompany him. Then she spake with her 
children, and they also bitterly lamented that 
they had not, as their father desired, all ac- 
companied him. Christiana — for such was 
the name of Christian's wife — was furthermore 
warned, in a dream, of her danger ; and com- 
forted, also, with the vision of her husband's 
happiness. 

On the morrow, she had a visit guest, who 
told her his name was Secret. This celestial 
guest apprised her that he was sent to her 

(95) 



96 the pilgrim's progress. 

from the Merciful One, to assure her that he 
was ready to forgive, and to invite he 3 ? to fol- 
low her husband, and to dwell in the presence 
of the King forever. And he gave her a let- 
ter, certifying these words, and directed her, 
as Christian had been told before, to go to the 
Wicket-Gate, at the head of the way. 

So Christiana and her children at once pre- 
pared for their journey. And when they were 
now ready to be gone, two of the neighbours 
called, and were much surprised at the inten- 
tion which she declared she had formed. One 
of her visitors, whose name was Mrs. Timor- 
ous, strove very hard to affright Christiana 
from undertaking her journey, but she could 
not succeed in preventing her. "You have 
heard," said Mrs. Timorous, " I am sure, what 
your husband did meet with, even, in a man- 
ner, at the first step which he took on his way, 
as our neighbour Obstinate can testify, for he 
went along with him ; yea, and Pliable, too, 
until they, like wise men, were afraid to go 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 97 

any farther. We have also heard, over and 
above, how he met with the lions, Apollyon, 
the Shadow of Death, and many other things. 
Nor is the danger he met with at Vanity Fair 
to be forgotten by thee. For if he, though a 
man, was so hard put to it, what canst thou, 
being but a poor woman, do ? Consider, also, 
that these four sweet babes are thy children, — 
thy flesh and thy bones. Wherefore, though 
thou shouldest be so rash, yet, for the sake of 
these, keep thou at home." 

But Christiana answered, " Tempt me not, 
my neighbour. I have now a price put into 
my hands to get gain, and I should be very 
foolish if I had no heart to improve the oppor- 
tunity. And for that you tell me of all these 
troubles which I am like to meet with in the 
way, they are so far from being to me a dis- 
couragement, that they show I am in the 
right. The bitter must come before the sweet, 
and that, also, will make the sweet the sweeter. 
Wherefore, since you came not to my house in 



98 the pilgrim's progress. 

God's name, I pray you to be gone, and not 
disquiet me further." 

Mrs. Timorous hereupon took her leave, but 
not without reviling Christiana. But the 
other visitor, whose name was Mercy, would 
not so readily leave ; for she felt for Christi- 
ana, and for herself also, and determined that 
she would, at any rate, go a little way with 
her, and both assist her neighbour and learn 
if she had not, herself, better accompany her. 
Mrs. Timorous returned home, and amused 
herself with some of her giddy and light- 
minded neighbours, in speaking ill of Chris- 
tiana. 

Then Christiana and her children, with 
Mercy, who was also but young, set forth. 
And Christiana, by her wise discourse, made 
Mercy determine that she would go with her 
friend, at least as far as the Wicket Gate, and 
see what should there befall. 



THE PILGRIMS AT THE GATE. 



Christiana was glad, at her heart, not only 
that she had, herself, a companion, but that 
Mercy had thus been prevailed on to care for 
herself. So, in godly conversation, they be- 
guiled the way. But when Christiana reached 
the Slough of Despond, she hesitated for a 
little ; " For," said she, " this is the place in 
which my dear husband came near being lost." 
And she perceived that, notwithstanding the 
command of the King to make this place for 
pilgrims good, it had become rather worse than 
i formerly ; for those who pretend to repair, 
often mar instead of mending. Here Christi- 
ana, therefore, with her boys, did make a 
i stand. " But," said Mercy, " come, let us 
venture ; only, let us be wary." Then they 
looked well to their steps ; and, though they 

(99) 



100 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 

trembled and faltered a little, they succeeded 
in getting over. 

All of them then, Christiana, and Mercy, 
and the children, went up to the Gate. And 
it was concluded that Christiana, being oldest, 
should knock, and answer him that opened. 
But, instead of any that answered, they heard 
the barking of a Dog, and were made afraid. 
They feared to knock any more, lest the Dog 
should rush out upon them. And they dared 
not go back, lest the Keeper of the Gate 
should espy them as they went, and be angry. 
At length they took courage to knock again, 
louder than at first ; and the Keeper of the 
Gate heard, and asked them " Who is there ?" 
The Dog ceased to bark, and the Keeper 
opened the Gate, and asked, " Whence came 
ye, and what is it ye would have ?" 

Christiana answered, " We are come from 
whence Christian did come, and upon the 
same errand as he ; to be graciously admitted 
by this Gate into the way that leads unto the 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 101 

Celestial City. And I answer, my Lord, in 
the next place, that I am Christiana, once the 
wife of Christian, that is gotten above." 
"What," said the Keeper, "is she now be- 
come a pilgrim, that, but a while ago, ab- 
horred that life ?" Then she bowed her head, 
and said, "Yea, and so are these, my sweet 
babes, also." Then he took her by the hand, 
and led her in ; and said, also, " Suffer the 
little children to come unto me." And, with 
that, he called to a Trumpeter, to enter- 
tain Christiana with the Sound of the Trum- 
pet for Joy, and the air was filled with his 
melodious notec. And Mercy, for whom Chris- 
tiana made intercession, knocked, and was 
presently admitted also. She had fallen, in a 
swoon; but the Keeper raised and welcomed 
iher ; and now were Christiana and her boys, 
land Mercy, received kindly of the Lord, at 
i the head of the way. They had pardon and 
refreshment, and were instructed and set in 
:heir way, as Christian had been, before them. 



THE SIGNIFICANT RIVERS 



Now I saw in my dream that, as the Pil- 
grims walked, there was, on the other side of 
the way, a Garden, and that the Garden be- 
longed to him who owned the barking Dog, 
which had terrified the party at the Gate. 
And some of the trees that grew in the Gar- 
den spread their branches over the wall ; and 
Christiana's children, being tempted with the 
fruit, plucked and ate. Their mother re- 
proved them for doing so, as the fruit was 
none of theirs ; but she did not know what 
garden it grew in, else she would have been 
more terrified. 

As the party walked, Christiana and Mercy 
were attacked by two ill-favoured men ; but. 
upon their cry for assistance, they were re 

(102) 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 103 

lieved by a messenger from the gate-house, 
near the gate, and the two men made their 
escape, over the wall, into the garden of the 
enemy. Their deliverance rejoiced them much, 
and while they yet spake to each other con- 
cerning it, they arrived at the house of the 
Interpreter, where Christian had been before 
them. As they stood at the gate, they heard 
rejoicings within, because that Christiana had 
followed her husband in his pilgrimage ; for 
the tidings of her journey went before her. 
At last Christiana knocked, and a maiden, 
whose name was Innocent, opened. And 
when Innocent asked her name, Christiana 
answered, " My name is Christiana; I was the 
wife of that pilgrim that, some years ago, did 
travel this way ; and these be his four chil- 
dren. This maiden is also my companion, and 
is going on a pilgrimage, too." 

Then were the inmates of the house much 
rejoiced ; and the master came to the door, 
and, looking upon Christiana, said, "Art thou 



104 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 

that Christiana whom Christian, the good 
man, left behind him, when he betook him- 
self to a pilgrim's life ?" 

Christiana answered, "I am that woman 
that was so hard-hearted as to slight my hus- 
band's troubles, and that left him to go on his 
journey alone, and these are his four children ; 
but now, also, I am come ; for I am convinced 
that no way is right but this." " Then," said 
Interpreter, " is fulfilled that which is written 
of the man that said to his son, ' Go work to- 
day in my vineyard ; and he said to his father, 
I will not, but afterward repented and went/ " 

Then the Interpreter welcomed them in, 
Christiana, and the children, and Mercy ; and 
the inmates of the house received them with 
smiles, and kindness. And, while supper was 
being made ready, the Interpreter showed 
them the pictures and other things which had 
been shown to Christian before. And he also 
showed them other curious and instructive 
objects. Among these was a man with a rake 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 105 

in his hand, who would not look up, though 
one stood with a celestial crown over his head, 
but still continued to rake to himself the 
straws and small sticks and rubbish upon the 
floor. Christiana saw at once that this signi- 
fied the man of the world, and Interpreter 
further explained it to her. " Whereas thou 
seest him rather give heed to rake up straws 
and sticks than to do what He says, that calls 
to him from above, with the celestial crown in 
his hand ; it is to show that Heaven is but a 
fable to some, and that things here are counted 
the only things substantial. And whereas it 
was also showed thee that the man could look 
no way but downwards, it is to let thee know 
that earthly things, when they are with power 
upon men's minds, quite carry away their 
hearts from God." 

From thence the Interpreter took them to 
the very best and most beautiful room in 
the house. In this, when they looked round, 
they saw a very large spider upon the wall ; 



106 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 

and the Interpreter said, " The spider taketh 
hold with her hands, as you see, and is in 
king's palaces. And wherefore is this re- 
corded, but to show you that, how full of the 
venom of sin soever you be, yet you may, by 
the hand of faith, lay hold of, and dwell in, 
the best room that belongs to the King's house 
above." 

He led them into another room, where there 
were a hen and chickens, and bade them ob- 
serve a while. So one of the chickens went 
to the trough to drink, and every time she 
drank, she lifted up her head and eyes to- 
ward heaven. " See," said he, " what this 
little chick doth, and learn of her to acknow- 
ledge whence your mercies come, by receiving 
them with looking up. Yet again observe and 
look." So they gave heed, and observed that 
the hen did walk in a fourfold way towards 
her chickens. 1. She had a common call, and 
that she hath all day long. 2. She had a 
special call, and that she had but sometimes. 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 107 

3. She had a brooding note. And, 4., She 
had an outcry. " Now/' said the Interpreter, 
" compare this hen to your King, and these 
chickens to his obedient ones ; for, answerable 
to^:er, he himself hath his methods which he 
walketh in towards his people. By his com- 
mon call, he gives nothing ; by his special call, 
he always has something to give ; he hath 
also a brooding voice, for them that are under 
his wing ; and he has an outcry, to give the 
alarm, when he seeth the enemy come. 

The Interpreter showed them, also, the 
butcher killing a sheep; and bade them to 
learn, like the sheep, to suffer patiently. He 
led them among the flowers, to teach them 
content; for, wheresoever the gardener plant- 
eth them, they stand, and quarrel not with 
one another. He showed them profitless 
wheat, bearing no grain, for want of which 
they condemned it; and he bade them note 
its lesson — that it is fit for nothing but to be 
burned and trodden under foot of men. 



108 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 

They saw, also, a pretty robin, with a great 
foul spider in its mouth. And Christiana 
thought it a great disparagement to the bird, 
that she imagined fed upon crumbs of bread, 
and such harmless matters, that he should eat 
loathsome spiders. But the Interpreter told 
her this robin was the type of many fair pro- 
fessors, who would seem to delight in the 
society of the godly, as if they could live upon 
good men's crumbs; but when they are by 
themselves, like the robin, they can catch and 
gobble up spiders, drink iniquity, and swallow 
down sin like water. The Interpreter showed 
them another emblem of the outwardly pious 
— a tree, whose inside was rotten and gone, 
and yet it had leaves. " This tree," said he, 
whose outside is fair, and whose inside is rot- 
ten, is that to which many may be compared 
that are in the garden of God ; who with their 
mouths speak high in behalf of God, but, indeed, 
will do nothing for him ; whose leaves are fair, 
but their hearts are dry as the summer dust. 



GIANT GRIM AND THE LIONS. 



And when they had sufficiently seen and 
admired these various instructive objects, sup- 
per came upon the board, of which, while 
they partook, they were entertained with 
music. When the hour for rest came, they 
retired with hearts full of thankfulness, and 
in the morning arose with the sun. 

B@&>& they departed, they were washed in 
the bath of Sanctification, and sealed with its 
seal. They were clothed with white raiment, 
so that they were glorious in the eyes of each 
other ; and each esteemed the other greater 
than himself. A man-servant of the Inter- 
preter, named Great Heart, was directed to 
accompany them to the house Beautiful; and, 
with his sword and shield, he went before them. 

(109) 



110 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 

And I saw, in my dream, that they went 
on, with Great Heart before them, until they 
came to the Cross and Sepulchre, where Chris- 
tian lost his burthen. And they learned that 
it was in order that Christian might feel the 
value of the ransom paid for him, that he was 
permitted to carry his burthen to the foot of 
the Cross. Christiana declared that, though 
she felt joyous before she had reached this 
point in her pilgrimage, now her lightsome- 
ness and joy were ten times increased. 

Then I saw, in my dream, that they reached 
the place where Christian had found Simple, 
and Sloth, and Presumption, lying asleep ; 
and, behold, they were hanged up in irons, a 
little way off; and Great Heart told the pil- 
grims their story ; and how they had turned 
several travellers out of the path, and induced 
them to become as bad as themselves. They 
also brought up an evil report of the good 
land, saying, it was not half as good as some 
pretended it was ; and they declared that the 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. Ill 

Lord was a hard task-master. They villified 
his r.^rvants, and called the bread of God, 
husko; the comforts of his children, furnaces; 
and the travel and labor of pilgrims, things 
to no purpose. For these things they were 
punished, and their fate was made a warning. 
Then the party moved on until they came 
to the Hill Difficulty. Here Great Heart 
showed them the spring where Christian 
drank; and its waters, once clear, had now 
become muddy, by the feet of those who de- 
sire not that pilgrims should refresh them- 
selves. But Christiana and Mercy drew from 
the fountain, and put the water in a sweet 
vessel, that it might become clear, and then 
they drank. They were shown, also, the by- 
paths in which Formality and Hypocrisy lost 
themselves. The care of the Lord of the Way 
has since stopped them with chains and a 
ditch ; and yet there are those who will prefer 
the hard way of the transgressors, though the 
path of the slothful man is as a hedge of thorns. 



112 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 

Now I saw, in my dream, that the pilgrims 
began to climb up the hill. All panted with 
the labor. Mercy said, " I must sit down ;" 
and the smaller children began to cry. But 
Great Heart cheered them up ; and, taking 
the little boy by the hand, they soon reached 
the Prince's arbor, where Christian tarried to 
rest before. Christiana here refreshed them 
with a pomegranate and a honeycomb, which 
the Interpreter gave her. And when they 
had rested and eaten, they pressed forward on 
their way, for the day declined. At the place 
where Christian met Timorous and Mistrust, 
they found the record, on a broad plate, that 
those unfaithful men had there had their 
tongues burned through with a hot iron, for 
the evil counsel with which they had striven 
to alarm Christian. 

Then I saw, in my dream, that they came 
in sight of the lions. When they had reached 
that place, the boys, who had gone before, 
were now glad to cringe behind; whereupon 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 113 

their guide smiled and said, " How now, my 
boys ; do you love to go before, when no 
danger doth approach, and love to come be- 
hind, so soon as the lions appear ?" And, be- 
hold, a new danger appeared, which Christian, 
in his pilgrimage, did not encounter. A giant, 
named Grim, or Bloodyman, took upon him to 
dispute the way, and declared that he had 
come to withstand the pilgrims. But Great 
Heart valorously attacked, and with great 
blows killed, the giant who would have 
blocked the King's highway. Then Great 
Heart bade the pilgrims, who had been sorely 
frightened, "Come, now, and follow me, and 
no harm shall happen to you from the lions." 
They therefore went on ; but the women 
trembled, as they passed them ; and the boys 
looked as if they would die; but they all got 
by, without hurt or damage. 



8 



THE SOJOURN AT THE BEAUTIFUL HOUSE, 



Now when the pilgrims had reached the 
House Beautiful, I saw, in my dream, that 
they were very sad that Great Heart must 
leave them. He told them that help was lost 
by not asking for it ; for, when he was directed 
to conduct them a part of their way, they 
should have begged his Lord to suffer his ser- 
vant to see them quite through. For the 
present, therefore, he must leave them. 

Then the porter, Mr. Watchful, asked 
Christiana of her country and her kindred. 
She said, " I came from the City of Destruc- 
tion. I am a widow woman, and my husband 
was Christian the pilgrim." And when the 
porter learned who they were, their welcome 
was hearty indeed; and because they were 

(114) 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 115 

weary and faint with the sight of the battle 
with the giant, they soon retired to rest. The 
chamber they slept in was that where Chris- 
tian had rested; the name of which was Peace. 

In the morning, they gladly accepted the 
invitation of the inmates of the house, to tarry 
there a month. The children were catechised 
by Prudence, who, it will be remembered, was 
one of the virgins who dwelt here ; and much 
credit they did to their mother's careful in- 
struction. Mercy had here an adventure. 
One Mr. Brisk was very much attracted by 
her constant industry ; for, when she was not 
employed for herself, she wrought for others, 
and gave to such as had need. But when Mr. 
Brisk discovered that her labor was to lay up 
treasure in heaven, his countenance fell, and 
he sought her no more ; for he had counted 
that she was careful of the things of this 
world, and would make a thrifty housewife. 

Now Matthew, the eldest son of Christiana, 
fell sick. There dwelt, not far from thence, 



116 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 

one Mr. Skill, an ancient and well-approved 
physician. And, when he was called in, he 
failed not to discover that Matthew had eaten 
improper food ; and, upon recollection, his 
illness was traced to the fruit from Beelzebub's 
garden, which overhung the way, as they en- 
tered the wicket gate. Mr. Skill tried, first, a 
preparation compounded under the Mosaic 
dispensatory; but it failed to act; and he 
next prescribed under the new dispensation, 
and the remedy was effectual ; and Mr. Skill 
told them, furthermore, that it was a medicine 
for all diseases to which pilgrims are incident. 
Now, as Prudence had directed the boys to 
ask her any questions which might be profita- 
ble, Matthew, as he recovered, asked her 
"why, for the most part, physic should be 
bitter to our palates?" Prudence answered, 
" To show how unwelcome the word of God, 
and the effects thereof, are to a carnal heart." 
When their month was out, Joseph, one of 
Christiana's sons, begged her that she would 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 117 

send to the house of the Interpreter, and ask 
that Mr. Great Heart might be sent to them 
to accompany them on their way ; and the 
petition was thereupon drawn up and for- 
warded. And, since the party were set to go 
on their way, the family took Christiana and 
her children, as they had Christian before, 
and showed them many things, the thought 
of which should be profitable to them on their 
journey. Among these were one of the apples 
of which Eve ate, and Jacob's ladder. Upon 
the latter sight they gladly dwelt, for at that 
time there were also angels ascending upon it. 
They were shown, also, a golden anchor ; and, 
not only so, but it was also presented to them. 
They were led to the Mount upon which 
Abraham offered his son, and shown also the 
wood, the fire, and the knife ; and they were 
bidden, like Abraham, to offer to the Lord 
their best, as a sacrifice. 

By this time Mr. Great Heart had returned, 
and with great joy he was welcomed. He 



118 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 

brought with him wine and fruit, from his 
Lord, to refresh them on the way, and the 
pilgrims now prepared them to depart. Chris- 
tiana bestowed upon the Porter a token of her 
gratitude and remembrance, and Piety gave 
Christiana a scheme of all the things she had 
been shown at the House Beautiful, that she 
might look upon it, and call them to remem- 
brance, for her edification and comfort. 



CHRISTIANA IN THE VALLEY OF THE 
SHADOW. 



Piety and Prudence accompanied the pil- 
grims down into the Valley of Humiliation, 
and there left them with their good guide, Mr. 
Great Heart. Their discourse was now upon 
the terrible encounter which Christian had 
with Apollyon; and Great Heart told them 
that it was because of his false steps as he 
descended, that he met this difficulty with the 
fiend. And this was confirmed by an inscrip- 
tion which they met upon a pillar, "Let 
Christian's slip, before he came hither, and 
the battles which he met with in this place, 
be a warning to those that come after." And 
they were taught that the Valley of Humilia- 
te, in itself, a fruitful and a delightful place to 

(119) 



120 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 

those who love a pilgrim's life, for here our 
Lord formerly had his country house, and here 
he loved much to be. 

When the pilgrims reached the place where 
Christian had his encounter with Apollyon, 
they found it was just beyond Forgetful Green, 
— for if, at any time, pilgrims meet with any 
brunt, it is when they are forgetful of the fa- 
vors they have received. They saw even 
some of Christian's blood upon the stones, and 
some of the splinters of the fiend's broken 
darts. And here they read, on a monument, 
an inscription, setting forth the victory of the 
valiant Christian, the fame of which shall en- 
dure to all ages. 

Now then they came to the Valley of the 
Shadow of Death ; ■ — longer than the other, 
and haunted with evil things. Groanings and 
lamentations, and hissings assailed their ears, 
and fearful sights, their eyes. The ground 
shook under them, and they were sadly af- 
frighted; but as they had daylight, and Great 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 121 

Heart for a guide, and Mr. Skill's remedy for 
a medicine, they went better through than 
Christian had done, alone and in the night. 
Awful spectres faded away as they bravely 
approached, and the lions retreated when 
Great Heart showed his determination to 
resist them. Presently they came to a pit, 
and as they prepared to cross, a great mist 
and darkness fell upon them. But the dark- 
ness was scattered by their cries and earnest 
prayers, and even the pit hindered them no 
more. When they had passed this danger, 
they came among snares ; but, looking well to 
their feet, escaped that danger, also. In this 
part of the Valley they espied a man cast into 
the ditch, at the left hand, with his flesh all 
rent and torn. Then said the guide, " This is 
one Heedless, that was going this way ; he 
has been there a great while. There was one 
Take Heed with him when he was taken and 
slain, but Take Heed escaped their hands. 
Though Christiana and her party escaped 



122 the pilgrim's progress. 

many dangers which Christian met, they en- 
countered some from which he was free. For, 
as they passed the cave at the end of the Val- 
ley of the Shadow, where Christian had only 
been called after by the giant, out rushed 
Giant, and commenced an altercation with 
Great Heart. The women and children were 
sadly frightened when this evil creature ac- 
cused Mr. Great Heart that he was a kidnap- 
per, who gathered up women and children, 
and carried them into a strange country, to 
the weakening of his master's kingdom. 

But Great Heart replied, "I am the ser- 
vant of the God of Heaven ; my business is to 
persuade sinners to repentance. I am com- 
manded to do my endeavour to turn men, 
women, and children, from darkness to light, 
and from the power of Satan unto God ; and 
if this be, indeed, the ground of the quarrel, 
let us fall to it as soon as thou wilt." Then 
the two fell to work dealing blows, and Great 
Heart once was almost down, and Maul was 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 123 

wounded in his arm. For a space they rested. 
Great Heart betook himself to prayer; and 
then they began the battle again. Great 
Heart finally triumphed, and smote the head 
of Giant Maul from his shoulders. Thus was 
this enemy vanquished ; and, praising God 
for the deliverance he had wrought, the pil- 
grims erected a pillar, and crowned it with 
the head of the dead giant. 



OLD HONESTY. 



When the pilgrims reached the place where 
Christian had overtaken Faithful, they sat 
them down to rest, and refreshed themselves 
with the gifts which Great Heart had brought 
from his Master. Then, as they proceeded, 
they came to an oak, under which lay an old 
pilgrim, asleep. When they awakened him, 
he sprang up, and stood upon his guard, fear- 
ing they had been of the company of evil- 
doers that robbed Little Faith. But when his 
mistake was corrected, he was exceeding 
pleased. Great Heart asked him his name, 
but he was too modest to tell it; and then 
Great Heart knew him for old Honesty. 
When old Honesty was told who Great Heart's 
companions were, the old man skipped and 

(124) 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 125 

smiled, and blessed them with a thousand 
good wishes. 

Then said he to Christiana, " I have heard 
much of your husband, and of his travels and 
wars which he underwent in his days. Be it 
spoken to your comfort, the name of your 
husband rings all over these parts of the 
world : his faith, his courage, his enduring, 
and his sincerity, under all, have made his 
name famous." Then old Honesty turned 
him to the boys, and asked them their names. 
To Matthew he said, " Matthew, be thou like 
Matthew the publican, not in vice, but in vir- 
tue. Samuel," said he, " be thou like Samuel 
the prophet, a man of faith and prayer. Jo- 
seph, be thou like Joseph in Potiphar's house, 
chaste, and flee temptation. And, James, be 
thou like James the Just, and like James the 
brother of our Lord." Then they told him 
of Mercy, and how she had left her town and 
her kindred to come along with Christiana 
and her sons. At that, the old honest man 



126 the pilgrim's progress. 

said, " Mercy is thy name ; by mercy thou 
shalt be sustained and carried through all 
those difficulties that shall assault thee in thy 
way, till thou shalt come where thou shalt 
look the Fountain of Mercy in the face with 
comfort." All this while, the guide, Mr. 
Great Heart, was well pleased, and smiled 
upon his companions. 

And then, as they walked, Great Heart and 
Mr. Honesty fell into discourse about different 
pilgrims whom they had met. First they 
spake of Mr. Fearey, who was always dread- 
ing that he should come short. He lay at the 
Slough of Despair near a month. Then, when 
he came at the Wicket Gate, he feared, for a 
long time, to knock. And at the house of the 
Interpreter, he waited at the door a long time, 
in the cold, and, being seen, was invited in. 
At this place, he was given Great Heart for a 
companion. Through the rest of the journey, 
he was full of fears, but never once essayed to 
go back. In Vanity Fair, he waxed bold 



the pilgrim's progress. 127 

against iniquity ; over the Enchanted Ground 
he was very wakeful. At the river he was 
despondent again, but passed it almost dry- 
shod, and was well received at the gate. Be- 
ing zealous, he feared no lions, difficulties, or 
Vanity Fairs — it was despondence whether he 
should come in at the last, which oppressed 
him ; and still he succeeded. 

Next they talked of Mr. Self- Will, who was 
the opposite of Fearing, and whose end was 
not like his. And then of divers professors, 
who set out well, but fall off. While they 
talked, one ran to meet them, and said there 
were robbers in the way. But they were not 
dismayed, and therefore the robbers did not 
venture upon them, for courage often disarms 
danger. 



THE HOUSE OF GAIUS. 



Christiana now wished for an inn for her- 
self and children, for they were weary. Mr. 
Honest recommended them to the house of an 
honorable disciple, and there they rested. 
Gaius, mine host, for so was he named, was 
pleased to receive them, for he entertained 
none but pilgrims. When he heard who they 
were, he said, " Is this Christian's wife, and 
are these Christian's children ? I knew your 
husband's father, yea, also his father's father. 
Many have been good of this stock; — their 
ancestors dwelt first at Antioch. Christian's 
ancestors were very worthy men. They have, 
above any that 1 know, showed themselves 
men of great virtue and courage. I have 
heard of many of your father's relations that 

(128) 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 129 

have stood all trials for the sake of the truth. 
Stephen, that was one of the first of the family 
from whence your husband sprang, was knocked 
on the head with stones. James, another of 
this generation, was slain with the edge of the 
sword. To say nothing of Paul and Peter, 
men anciently of the family from whence your 
husband came, there was Ignatius, who was 
cast to the lions ; Romanus, whose flesh was 
cut to pieces from his bones ; and Polycarp, 
that played the man in the fire. There was 
he that was hanged up in the basket in the 
sun, for the wasps to eat ; and he whom they 
put into a sack, and cast into the sea, to be 
drowned. It would be utterly impossible to 
count up all of that family who have suffered 
injuries and death for the love of a pilgrim's 
life. Nor can I but be glad to see that thy 
husband has left behind him four such boys as 
these. I hope they will bear up their father's 
name, and tread in their father's steps, and 
come to their father's end." 
9 



130 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 

Supper was presently served ; and when 
they had eaten, Mr. Honesty proposed to the 
host a riddle : 

"A man there was, though some did count him mad, 
The more he cast away, the more he had/' 

All waited to see how Gaius, mine host, would 
reply ; and after he sat still awhile, he thus 
answered : 

" He that bestows his goods upon the poor, 
Shall have as much again, and ten times more/' 

The children wondered that Gaius should so 
readily have opened this; but he said he had 
been travelling in that way a great while, and 
had found, by experience, that he had gained 
thereby. The children now having retired, 
the elders still sat and conversed, till Mr. 
Honesty, who gave the riddle to Gaius, began 
to nod. Then said Great Heart, " What, sir, 
do you begin to be drowsy ? Come, rub up, 
here is a riddle for you." " Then," said Mr. 
Honest, " Let us hear it." Then replied Mr. 
Great Heart : 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 131 

"He that will kill mast first be overcome; 
Who live abroad would, first must die at home." 

Honesty pronounced it a hard one — hard to 
expound, and harder to practise. And he 
would have had Gaius explain it. But mine 
host said, " No ; it was put to you, and you 
must answer it." Then said old Honesty : 

" He, first by grace must conquered be, 
That sin would mortify; 
Who that he lives would convince me, 
Unto himself must die." 

On the next day, Gaius proposed that, as 
they were so strong-handed, and Great Heart 
was skilful with his weapons, they should 
sally forth, and see what good they might 
effect. They therefore visited the cave of 
one Slay Good, a giant and master of a gang 
of thieves, and found the monster in the very 
act of tormenting a poor pilgrim named Feeble 
Mind, whom he had captured. Slay Good 
had a mind to eat his prisoner, also, being a 
cannibal giant. This giant was conquered, 



132 the pilgrim's progress. 

as the preceding ones had been, by the prowess 
of Great Heart ; and, with the giant's head, 
and the pilgrim Feeble Mind, glad indeed of 
his release, they returned to the house of 
Gaius. The head was set up as a terror to 
evil doers, and Feeble Mind was comforted 
and entertained. Feeble Mind proved to be 
the cousin of Mr. Fearing, whose pilgrimage 
we have already spoken of; and, like Fearing, 
though not valiant, he was faithful. He 
knew, while in the hands of the giant, that, 
not having consented to be taken, he should 
not die ; for he had heard that not any pil- 
grim, who is taken captive by violent hands, 
if he keep his heart whole towards his master, 
is, by the laws of Providence, to die by the 
hand of the enemy. Eobbed he expected to 
be, and robbed he was ; still he escaped with 
his life. And, thankful for this, he was 
resolved to run when he could, to walk when 
he could not run, and to creep when he could 
not walk. While they talked, came news that 



the pilgrim's progress. 133 

one Mr. Not-Right, a pilgrim, had been killed 
by a thunderbolt. " Alas !" said Mr. Feeble 
Mind, u 4s he slain ? He overtook me some 
days since, and would be my company keeper. 
He also was with me when Slay Good, the 
giant, overtook me, but he was nimble of his 
heels and escaped ; but it seems he is escaped 
to die, and I was taken to live." 

Now about this time — for the pilgrimage 
of Christiana and her children lasted longer 
than it seems to be in the dream — Mercy was 
married. Who should she have to her hus- 
band but Matthew, Christiana's oldest son. 
And Matthew's brother, James, was likewise 
wedded to Phoebe, the daughter of Gaius, the 
host; and for about ten days longer they 
remained, rejoicing, but rejoicing as pilgrims 
should. 

When they were ready to depart, Gaius 
made them a feast. At the hour for leaving, 
Great Heart called for the reckoning; but 
Gaius told them that it was not the custom 



134 the pilgrim's progress. 

for pilgrims at his house to pay for their enter- 
tainment. He boarded them by the year ; but 
looked for his pay from the good Samaritan, 
who had promised him, at his return, what- 
ever charge he was at, faithfully to repay him. 

Mr. Feeble Mind, when they were going, 
seemed inclined to linger. But Mr. Great 
Heart urged him to go with them, and he 
would be his guide. Feeble Mind feared that 
his weakness would impede his companions. 
He said, " I am a man of weak and feeble 
mind, and shall be offended and made weak 
at things which others bear. I shall like no 
laughing ; I shall like no gay attire ; I shall 
like no unprofitable questions. Nay, I am so 
weak a man, as to be offended with that which 
others have liberty to do." 

Great Heart answered, "But, brother, I 
have it in commission to comfort the feeble- 
minded, and to support the weak. We will 
deny ourselves of some things for your sake ; 
we will not enter into doubtful disputations 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 135 

before you ; we will be made all things to you, 
lest you should be left behind." 

While they thus spake, along came Mr. 
Ready-to-Halt, with his crutches in his hand. 
Him Feeble Mind welcomed ; and having now 
a companion like himself, Mr. Feeble Mind 
made no more objections to going forward. 



CHRISTIANA AT VANITY FAIR. 



I saw in my dream that this was the order 
in which the pilgrims walked. Mr. Great 
Heart and Mr. Honest went before, Christiana 
and her children came next, and Mr. Feeble 
Mind and Mr. Ready-to-Halt followed. 

Great Heart pointed out to them the place 
where Evangelist warned Christian of what 
should befall him at Vanity Fair. For the 
guide knew that the family of Christian de- 
lighted to see any foot-print or trace of his 
pilgrimage, or memorial of his adventures. 

When they reached Vanity Fair, by advice 
of Great Heart, they went to lodge with one 
Mr. Mnason, a Cyprian by birth, an old dis- 
ciple. And when they were rested, and would 
see good company, Mr. Mnason invited in, to 

(136) 



THE PILGRIMS PROGRESS. lot 

entertain them, Mr. Contrite, Mr. Holyman, 
Mr. Lovesaints, Mr. Dare-not-Lie, and Mr. 
Penitent. Mr. Mnason surprised them by 
introducing his guests. "Who," he said, "do 
you think this is ? It is Christiana, the wife 
of Christian, that famous pilgrim, who, with 
Faithful, his brother, was so shamefully han- 
dled in our town." Then they wished her 
well, and said to her children, " The King 
whom you love and serve, make you as your 
father, and bring you where he is in peace." 

They learned from the guests that the 
place had now become more orderly than 
formerly. "You know," said one, "how 
Christian and Faithful were used in our 
town ; but of late I say they have been far 
more moderate. I think the blood of Faithful 
lieth as a load upon them till now ; for since 
they burned him they have been ashamed to 
burn any more. In those days, we were 
afraid to walk the streets ; but now we can 
show our heads. Then the name of a pro- 



138 the pilgrim's progress. 

fessor was odious ; now, especially in some 
parts of our town, religion is counted honour- 
able." The pilgrims, in their turn, recounted 
to the guests what haps they had met in their 
journeyings, and thus the evening sped. 

I saw, in my dream, that the pilgrims staid 
a long time in the Fair, at the house of Mr. 
Mnason ; and he gave his daughter Grace unto 
Samuel, and Martha to Joseph. The times 
were not as they were once, and the pilgrims 
could abide here safely. Mercy labored much 
for the poor, and Christiana's other daughters 
did good in their places, also. Many children 
were here born to Christiana's sons, and his 
name was like to live in the world. 

It chanced that, in Vanity Fair, Great 
Heart was able to do the people a service. 
For near that town dwelt a monster with 
seven heads and ten horns, as described in the 
Book of Revelations, which was wont to come 
out of the woods, and slay many, and also to 
carry away the children. Great Heart, with 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 139 

his friends Contrite, Holyman, and the others, 
did so assault him upon his appearance, that 
the monster became lame, and not only is he 
prevented from doing as much mischief as 
formerly, but it is believed by many that he 
must die of his wounds. For this, the name 
of Mr. Great Heart and his fellows became 
revered and honored ; and the pilgrims escaped 
hurt in the place where Christian had fared so 
ill. Nevertheless there were some persons of 
the baser sort who did not heed or respect them. 
At length the time arrived that they must 
depart. Now Feeble Mind and Ready-to- 
Halt had companions of their own strength in 
Christiana's grand-children and the women. 
All stopped at the place where Faithful met 
his death, and rendered thanks to Him who 
had enabled the martyr to bear his cross so 
well. They noted, also, the hill Lucre, which 
took Demas off from his pilgrimage, and where 
By-Ends perished. The pillar of salt, too, 
caught their attention, and they marvelled, as 



140 THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 

Christian did before them, that men of years 
and knowledge could turn aside here, in spite 
of such warnings. 

I saw, in my dream, that they came to the 
river that was on this side of the Delectable 
Mountains. By this river side, in the mea- 
dows, there were cotes and folds for sheep, 
and a house built for the nourishing and 
bringing up of those lambs, the babes of those 
women who go on pilgrimage. Also there 
was one here who was intrusted with them, 
who could have compassion, and could gather 
those lambs with his arm, and carry them in 
his bosom. Now to the care of this man 
Christiana admonished her four daughters to 
commit their little ones, that by these waters 
they might be housed, harboured, succoured 
and nourished, and that none of them might 
be lacking in time to come. So they were 
content to commit their little ones to him ; 
and it was an encouragement for them to do so, 
that all this was to be at the charge of the King. 



THE SACKING OF DOUBTING CASTLE. 



Now when the pilgrims were come to By- 
Path Meadow, where Christian and his fellow 
Hopeful went astray, and were taken by 
Giant Despair, and put into Doubting Castle, 
they sat down and consulted what was best to 
be done. Since they were so strong, and had 
such a man as Mr. Great Heart for their con- 
ductor, they debated whether they had not 
best make an attempt upon the giant, demolish 
his castle, and, if there were any pilgrims in 
it, to set them at liberty. After debate, Great 
Heart decided that it would be within his 
commission to resist sin, to overcome evil, and 
to fight the good fight of faith, if he should 
attack Doubting Castle. Old Honesty, and 
the four sons of Christiana volunteered to 

(141) 



142 the pilgrim's progress. 

assist ; and so they went up to the castle, to 
look for the giant. 

When they came to the gate, they knocked 
for admittance with an unusual noise. At 
that, the old giant comes to the gate, and Dif- 
fidence, his wife, follows. Then said he, 
" Who and what is he that is so hardy, as, 
after this manner, to molest the Giant De- 
spair ?" Mr. Great Heart replied, " It is I, 
Great Heart, one of the King's conductors of 
pilgrims to their place, and I demand of thee 
that thou open thy gates for my entrance : 
prepare thyself also to fight, for I am come to 
take away thy head, and to demolish Doubting 
Castle." 

Now Giant Despair, because he was a giant, 
thought no man could overcome him. So he 
put on his armor, and went out. He had a 
cap of steel upon his head ; a breast-plate of 
fire girded to him ; and he came out in over- 
shoes, with a great club in his hand. Then 
these six men made up to him, and beset him 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 143 

behind and before ; also, when Diffidence, the 
giantess, came out to help him, old Mr. Ho- 
nesty cut her down at one blow. Then they 
fought for their lives, and Giant Despair was 
brought down to the ground, but was very 
loth to die. Great Heart left him not till he 
had severed his head from his shoulders. 

Then they fell to demolishing Doubting 
Castle, which they were seven days in destroy- 
ing. In the dungeons they found one Mr. 
Despondency, and his daughter Much-Afraid, 
both of whom they saved alive. But it would 
have made you wonder to have seen the dead 
bodies which lay here and there in the castle 
yard, and how full the dungeon was of dead 
men's bones. 

When Mr. Great Heart and his companions 
had performed this exploit, they took Mr. 
Despondency and his daughter Much-Afraid 
into their protection ; for they were honest 
people, though they were prisoners to Giant 
Despair. When Feeble Mind and Keady-to- 



144 the pilgrim's progress. 

Halt saw the head of Giant Despair, they were 
very jocund and merry. They had music, 
also, for Christiana played upon the viol, and 
Mercy upon the lute ; and Mr. Ready-to-Halt 
took Much- Afraid by the hand, and to dancing 
they went along the road. Mr. Despondency 
was more for feeding than dancing, for he was 
almost starved. 

Then I saw, in my dream, that Mr. Great 
Heart took the head of Giant Despair, and set 
it upon a pole, by the highway side, right 
over against the pillar that Christian erected 
for a caution to pilgrims that came after, to 
take heed of entering into his grounds. 



THE DELECTABLE MOUNTAINS. 



Now then Great Heart and his companions 
reached the Delectable Mountains ; and the 
shepherds heartily welcomed so goodly a com- 
pany, the weak as well as the strong. They 
were conducted into the palace, refreshed with 
food, and shown to their places of rest. 

In the morning, the shepherds first showed 
them what Christian had seen, and then led 
them to some new places. One was Mount 
Marvel, where they saw a man throwing the 
hills about with words, to teach pilgrims how 
to believe down, or toss out of their way, by 
faith, such difficulties as they should meet 
with. 

They were next conducted to Mount Inno- 
cence. Here they saw a man clothed in 
10 ( 145 > 



146 the pilgrim's progress. 

white, and two men, named Prejudice and Ill- 
Will, continually casting dirt upon him. But 
whatsoever dirt they cast upon him would 
soon fall off, and his garment would look as 
clear as ever. " This man," said the shep- 
herds, "is named Godly Man, and this gar- 
ment is to show the innocency of his life. 
Now those that throw dirt at him are such as 
hate his well-doing ; but, as you see, the dirt 
will not stick upon his clothes ; so shall it be 
with him that liveth innocently in the world." 
Next were they led to Mount Charity, 
where they saw a man that had a bundle of 
cloth lying before him, out of which he cut 
coats and garments for the poor that stood 
about him; yet his bundle, or roll, was never 
the less. They were taken, also, to the place 
where they saw one Fool, and one Want- Wit, 
washing an Ethiopian, with an intention to 
make him white ; but the more they washed, 
the blacker he was. " Thus," said the shep- 
herds, " is it with the vile person ; all means 



the pilgrim's progress. 147 

used to get such a one a good name shall, in 
the end, tend to make him more abominable. 
Thus it was with the Pharisees, and so it shall 
be with all hypocrites." 

To the women, the shepherds gave each a 
present such as they desired. Mercy's was a 
wonderful glass, which, I understood in my 
dream, represented the Word of God. It 
would present a man, one way, with his own 
features, exactly ; and, turn it the other way, 
and it would show the very face and similitude 
of the Prince of Pilgrims himself. Upon 
Christiana's neck the shepherds placed a neck- 
lace ; and so they did also upon the necks of 
her four daughters ; and they put rings in 
their ears, and jewels upon their foreheads. 
And when they were minded to go, the shep- 
herds let them go in peace ; but, since they 
had Great Heart for a guide, they gave them 
not the cautions that they gave Christian and 
Hopeful. 

When they were gone from the Shepherds, 



148 the pilgrim's progress. 

they soon came to the place where Christian 
met Turnaway. And they learned from Great 
Heart that he did not cease till he got quite 
back to the evil, though Evangelist strove 
with him to make him retrace his steps. A 
little farther on, I saw in my dream that 
they met a man standing where Little Faith 
formerly was robbed, with his drawn sword in 
his hand. They learned from him that his 
name was Valiant-for-Truth. He was a pil- 
grim, and had just beaten off three men, 
Wild-Head, Inconsiderate, and Pragmatic, who 
had offered him his choice of three things : 
To become one of them, To go back whence 
he came, or, To die upon the spot. When he 
refused to be commanded by them, they fell 
upon him ; but, after a three hours' struggle, 
he had driven them away. When Great 
Heart looked upon his sword, he pronounced 
it a true Jerusalem blade — such as will cut 
flesh, and bones, and spirit, and all. 

Valiant-for-Truth then related how he was 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 149 

first put upon going on pilgrimage ; and 
Christiana was delighted to hear that among 
the causes which moved him, and indeed the 
chief, was the relation of Christian's adven- 
tures, and of his success. Right glad was 
Valiant, also, to find Christian's wife and 
family following in the father's foot-steps. 
And Valiant described, also, how many and 
how various means were taken to deter and 
to frighten him ; but his faith made him tri- 
umph over all. 



THE ENCHANTED GROUND. 



As they talked and sang, they now reached 
the Enchanted Ground. And I saw, in my 
dream, that the place was all grown over with 
briars and thorns, except here and there was 
an enchanted arbor, in which, if a man sleeps, 
it is a chance if he wake again in this world. 
They had now a rear-guard in Mr. Valiant- 
for-Truth, who walked behind, while Great 
Heart proceeded in their front. Great mist 
and darkness fell upon them, so that they 
cou]d scarce, for a while, see one another, but 
were fain to comfort each other with words of 
encouragement. There were no inns or stop- 
ping places to refresh the weaker sort ; and, 
in the dirt, and dreariness, and mire, their 
strength was sorely tried. An arbor, called 

(150) 



the pilgrim's progress. 151 

The Slothful's Friend, offered its temptations ; 
but so well were the pilgrims warned by their 
guides, that they seemed not so much as to 
desire to stop there. It had in it a soft couch, 
whereon the weary might lean, and was beau- 
tified with green, and furnished with seats 
and conveniences. All were in vain to tempt 
these pilgrims. 

I saw, in my dream, that they went on in 
their solitary way, till they came to a place 
where a man is apt to lose the path. Here 
Great Heart was ready with a map, which I 
knew represented God's word, to pick out the 
path and avoid danger. Presently they came 
to another enchanted arbor, where were two 
men asleep, whose names were Heedless and 
Too-Bold. The pilgrims strove to awaken 
them, but they only mumbled in their sleep. 
" I will pay you," said one, " when I take my 
money." And the other said, " I will fight so 
long as I can hold my sword in my hand." 
As they could not be awakened, the pilgrims 



152 the pilgrim's progress. 

were forced to leave them, and went trembling 
on amid these many dangers. They were 
somewhat relieved when Great Heart struck 
a light, by which they walked ; and I under- 
stood, in my dream, that this light also signi- 
fied God's Word, which, it is written, shall be 
a lamp unto the feet. 

Presently, as they walked, they overtook a 
man who was on his knees, and seemed to be 
earnestly talking to one above. When they 
reached him, he was known, by old Mr. Ho- 
nesty, to be one Standfast, a faithful pilgrim ; 
and so they had another good companion. 
And he told them, as he walked, that, having 
been beset in his path by the temptations of 
Madam Bubble, who represents this vain 
world, and being poor and weary, he was 
sorely tried. But when he could, in no other 
manner, drive her away, he prayed for help, 
and the tempter fled. Then Great Heart and 
old Honesty told the pilgrims farther of this 
vain witch and her enchantments. It was 



the pilgrim's progress. 153 

she who set Absalom against his father, and 
Jeroboam against his master. She made Ju- 
das sell his Lord, and drew Demas away from 
the pilgrim's life. Many has she betrayed to 
the halter, and ten thousand times more to 
hell. 

Nothing more, that I saw, befell the pil- 
grims on the Enchanted Ground. They 
reached the land of Beulah, where Christian 
had been so happily received before ; and 
here they had, like him, license and free joy 
in the king's own land. In this land, they 
heard nothing, saw nothing, felt nothing, 
smelt nothing, tasted nothing, that was offen- 
sive to their stomach or mind ; only when 
they tasted of the water of the river over 
which they were to go, they thought that it 
tasted a little bitterish to the palate ; but it 
proved sweet when it was down. 



THE HAPPY END 



Now while they lay here, there came, post, 
from the Celestial City, a Messenger to Chris- 
tiana. And the contents of the letter he bore 
were : — " Hail, good woman ; I bring thee 
tidings that the Master calleth for thee, and 
expects that thou shalt stand in his presence, 
in robes of immortality, within these ten 
days." When he had read this letter, he 
gave her therewith a sure token that he was 
a true messenger, and was come to bid her 
make haste to be gone. The token was an 
arrow, sharpened at the point with love, let 
easily into her heart, which, by degrees, 
wrought so effectually with her, that at the 
time appointed, she must be gone. 

So she called Mr. Great Heart, and made 

(154) 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 155 

preparations for the last stage on her jour- 
ney. She took an affectionate leave of 
her children and her friends, giving all a 
timely and appropriate word of comfort and 
of warning. When the day came that Chris- 
tiana must be gone, the road was full of people 
to see her depart. But, behold, all the banks 
beyond the river were full of horses and cha- 
riots, which were come down from above, to 
accompany her to the Celestial Gate. She 
entered the river ; and the last words she was 
heard to say were, " I come, Lord, to be with 
thee, and bless thee !" Those that waited for 
her, carried her out of sight. The children 
wept at her departure, but Mr. Valiant and 
Mr. Great Heart played upon the well-tuned 
cymbal and harp for joy ; for Christiana had 
entered the Celestial City, with all the cere- 
monies of joy and welcome which met her 
husband before her. 

Next, Mr. Ready-to-Halt was summoned; 
and then Mr. Feeble Mind heard the Messen- 



156 the pilgrim's progress. 

ger at his chamber door. " Now," said Ready- 
to-Halt, " I shall have no more need of these 
crutches, for chariots and horses await me." 
And the last words he said were, " Welcome, 
Life !" Mr. Feeble Mind's last words were, 
" Hold out, faith and patience !" and so he 
went over to the other side. 

Mr. Despondency and his daughter went 
together, for Much- Afraid could not endure to 
tarry behind. " Farewell, night ! Welcome, 
day !" said the father, and the daughter sang 
as she went through the flood. When old 
Mr. Honesty came to depart, it was found that 
the river, at that time, overflowed its banks 
in some places. But he had, in his life-time, 
spoken to one Good Conscience, to meet him 
there ; the which he did, and lent him his 
hand, and helped him over. The last words 
of Mr. Honest were, "Grace reigns!" and so 
he left the world. 

Next, Mr. Valiant-for-Truth received the 
summons. As he walked into the river, he 



THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS. 157 

said, " death, where is thy sting !" And as 
he went further into the deep waters, he cried, 
" grave, where is thy victory !" As he 
passed over, the trumpets sounded for him on 
the other shore. 

Then came the call for Mr. Standfast. With 
many goodly words of exhortation, he com- 
missioned Mr. Great Heart to speak to those 
who should come after ; and much consolation 
did he bequeath to them ; remembering his 
family with prayers and tears. It happened, 
when he went, that there was a great calm in 
the river, so that he could talk long, and be 
well heard. But, while he was thus in dis- 
course, his countenance changed ; his strong 
man bowed under him, and after he had said, 
" Take me, for I am come unto thee !" he 
ceased to be seen of his friends. 



Glorious it was to see how the upper region 
was filled with horses and chariots, with 
singers and players on stringed instruments; 



158 THE PILGRIM 1 S PROGRESS. 

to welcome the pilgrims as they went up, and 
followed one another in at the beautiful gate 
of the city. 

As for Christiana's children, and their wives 
and children, I did not stay where I was till 
they were gone over. But since I came away, 
I have heard that they were yet alive, and 
so would be for a time, for the increase of the 
church in the place where they were. 



THE END 



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